A possible Role of Salicylates in Diabetes Type II

Document Type : Review Article

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Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is the most characteristic metabolic disorder, described by insulin resistance followed by pancreatic β -cell failure leading to hyperglycemia. Inflammation plays a critical role in both insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure.Inflammation induce insulin resistance through stimulation of  various serine kinases such as Inhibition of nuclear factor κβ kinase subunit β/ Nuclear factor-kappa Beta (IKK-β / NF-κβ)  so, targeting the inflammation with anti-inflammatory agents and preventing insulin resistance may be a promising tool for type II diabetes management. But confirm this approach further researches and evaluation is required. Aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid), for recent use, offers a novel way for management of type II diabetes due to its anti-inflammatory properties and insulin-sensitizing action. Aspirin has the ability to ameliorate hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and reduce proinflammatory cytokines by several mechanisms. Aspirin has the ability to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases by inhibition of cyclooxegenase enzyme and act as antidiabetic due to its insulin sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties.  Therefore, aspirin is an effective antidiabetic therapy which is not only providing  good glycemic control but also having  anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects. However, we should keep in mind the side effects that result from its prolonged use which are represented in gastric ulcer, hemorrhage and impairment of kidney function. This review summarizes the responsibility of inflammation in insulin resistance and the role of aspirin as antiplatelets and antidiabetic drug.

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