Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
2
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
3
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
Abstract
Depression is defined by its association with mood disorders, which are made up of groups of symptoms and signs, lasting from weeks to months. It leads to a major change in a person's regular ability to function, showing a pattern of recurring episodes. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage that occurs in the nucleus, chromosomes, and DNA structure is referred to as a genotoxic effect. This includes insertions and breaks of DNA and abnormalities of genes and chromosomes. With the increasing prevalence of antidepressant drug use in current times, the determination of whether these medications induce genetic damage has become exceedingly crucial. Citalopram is a member of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors class of antidepressants, commonly prescribed for the management of depression.The Panax ginseng, a member of the Araliaceae family, has a long history of being utilized as a natural remedy. It has been known to decrease inflammation and combat free radicals, as well prevent age-related ailments, chronic fatigue, and issues related to digestion and cardiovascular health. Vitamin D plays a significant role in reducing the pro-oxidant systemic and tissue biomarkers associated with the onset, advancement, and reappearance of chronic cardiometabolic illness and cancer.Owing to numerous inconsistent findings on the antagonistic special effects and toxicities of SSRIs (particularly geno-toxicities), this review elucidates the genotoxic effects of these remedies, with a specific focus on citalopram, as well as reviewing modulating effect of ginseng and vitamin D on DNA damage.
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