Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, Egypt
2
Department of Clinical Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, Egypt.
3
Department of Clinical Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Mansoura, Egypt
Abstract
Echinacea purpurea (E. Purpurea), as one of the most important plants, has been used in prevention and control of infectious diseases of respiratory systems.In this study,we investigated the effect of Echinacea andenrofloxacin on Pasteurella multocida type A infection in male white New Zealand rabbits through evaluation of the hematological, biochemical, phagocytic activities, and oxidative stress markers.Fortymale white New Zealand rabbits were divided intofour equal groups; group 1 was kept as a control,group 2was intranasally infected with P.multocidatype A(4x107 CFU/mL/rabbit) at the 14th dayfrom beginning of experiment (FBE), group 3 was administrated E.Purpure orally (130mg/kg body weight “B.W.”) day after day from 1st day to the 35th day and infected with P. multocidaat the 14th day FBE and group 4was intranasally infected with P. multocida at the 14th day FBE, then treated with enrofloxacin(10 mg / kg B.W. in drinking water) after the appearance of the clinical signsfrom the 18th-20th day.The results revealed that P.multocida infection in rabbits produced macrocytic hypochromic anemia (RBCs = 5.26 x106/µL, MCV = 76.06 Fl , MCHC = 24.99%), leukocytosis (14.09x103/µL) with a reduction in the phagocytic percent (51.60 %) and phagocytic index (0.26). We observed decrease in serum levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin. Moreover,significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, 34.4 U/L)and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, 27.80 U/L)were recorded.Also, the serum bilirubin (total bilirubin = 1.03mg/dL, direct bilirubin = 0.61 mg/dL and indirect bilirubin = 0.42 mg/dL)levels were significantly elevated. Serum urea (47.32mg/dL) and creatinin levels (2.10 mg/dL) were significantly increased. Furthermore, P.multocida infection in rabbits induced oxidative stress,which observed in a significant reduction in the serum catalase (CAT,3.13 nmol/L)with elevation in the lipid peroxidation (MDA, 3.46 nmol/L). In conclusion, Echineceatreatment before and after rabbit infection with P. multocida type Ais able to ameliorate the alterations in all studied parameters compared to enrofloxacin treated rabbits.
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