2024-03-28T13:15:15Z
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=5073
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Pharmacokinetics of Flupirtine in Dogs and Cats
Said
Abdelaziz
Nagah
Edres
Sameh
Elnabtity
M
Giorg
Ahmed
Shaban
Flupirtine (FLU) is a non-opiod analgesic drug belonging to the class of N-methyle-D- aspartate. In human medicine FLU is recommended for the treatment of a wide range of pain states, but no study been performed in Pets. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles (PK) of FLU in healthy dogs and cats after different routes of administrations. Six healthy Labrador breed adult dogs and six healthy mixed breed adult cats were used in two different experiments. Dogs: single dose, four-group and four-treatment (Intravenous IV, Oral immediate release POIR, per rectum [5 mg /kg]; oral prolonged release POPR [200 mg /subject], cross over design. Cats: single dose, two-groups, two treatments (IV and POIR [5 mg /kg]), cross over design. The wash out period between trails was 1 week. Blood samples were collected at assigned times and plasma was analyzed by a validated HPLC method. Some adverse effects, rapidly resolved, were noted only in dogs after IV treatment. The FLU plasma concentration was detectable in all groups up to 36 h. The bioavalability (F %) value after POIR, POPR and RC in dogs were 41.9, 36.8 and 29.3%respectively, while oral F% in cat was 39.3+9.7%. Oral bioavailability in dogs and cats was similar, but about two times smaller than that found in the human (90%). This large differences demonstrated that PK values derived in pets shouldn`t be extrapolated to human and vice versa. This study represents the first step that should pave the way for use of this active ingredient in Pet animals.
2015
03
01
1
14
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29339_2729d961fc0c9faadc3b02fc91cab453.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Pharmacokinetics of Flupirtine in Horses
Said
AbdelAziz
Sameh
Elnabtity
Giorg
M
Ahmad
Shaban
Nagah
Edres
Flupirtine (FLU) after Intravenous (IV) and Per Os (PO) administration in healthy horses was evaluated. Six mixed breed adult mares were randomly assigned to two groups using cross-over design (2 x 2 Latin-square). Group 1 received a single dose of 1 mg/kg of FLU injected IV into the jugular vein. Group 2 received FLU (5 mg/kg) via nasogastric tube. The wash out period was 1-week. Blood samples (5 mL) were collected at 0.083, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 36 and 48 h and plasma was analysed by a validated HPLC method. Some mild and transient adverse effects (that spontaneously resolved within 5 minutes) were observed in 2 out of 6 animals after IV administration. No adverse effects were noticed in the PO administration group. After IV and PO administrations, FLU was detectable in plasma for up to 36 h. The mean elimination half-life was longer after PO (10.27 h) than after IV (3.02 h) administration. The oral bioavailability was about 70%. After in silico pharmacokinetic simulation/modelling, an oral dose of 2.6 mg/kg in horses has been calculated to give Cmax and AUC values similar to those reported in humans after a clinical dose administration with a theoretical FLU effective plasma concentration of 187 ng/ml. This study could pave the road for the use of this active ingredient in equine medicine as analgesic after pharmacodynamic studies.
2015
03
01
15
25
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29340_b5aed4981a2fa21d9079a636917ae4ef.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
A Study on the Bacteria Causing Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows and its Effect on Somatic Cell Count and Milk Chemical Composition parameters
S
El-Sayed
I
Awad
Mira
I
S
Shalapy
The Present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of Subclinical mastitis. A total number of one hundred and sixty (160) cow's quarter milk samples were collected from different dairy farms at Sharkia Governorate for detection of the causative agents of Subclinical mastitis. The results revealed that California mastitis test (CMT) was graded as (- , ± , + , ++ , +++ ) with incidence of ( 12.5 , 6.25 , 34.375 , 25.526 , and 21.25 % ) respectively, the mean ± SEM of milk electrical conductivity ( EC ) ( ms / cm ) of 6.5 ± 2.5 , and the mean ± SEM of milk Somatic cell count ( SCC) ( cells / ml ) was 547.5 × 103 ± 507.5 × 103 , the mean ± SEM of milk Chloride % was 0.235 % ± 0.165 % , the mean ± SEM of measured Fat % was 2.65 % ± 1.15 % , the mean ± SEM of measured Protein % was 3.1 % ± 1.1 % , the mean ± SEM of measured Lactose % was 3.55 % ± 1.45 % , the mean ± SEM of measured SNF % was 7.5 % ± 1.5 % . The most predominant single pathogens in 100 out of 160 milk samples was S . aureus, S.agalactiae, S.dysagalactiae, S.uberis and E.coli with incidence of (21.875, 15.625, 12.5 , 6.25 and 6.25 % ) respectively, and normal healthy control 20 ( 12.5 % ) milk samples (didn't yield any pathogens), and 40 ( 25 %) milk samples yield mixed bacterial pathogens . It can be concluded that CMT was used to determine the severity of Subclinical mastitis. CMT positive and SCC>250.000 (cells / ml ) in individual quarter foremilk samples was found to be accompanied by several production effects and sever depression in milk chemical parameters. Bacterial contamination of milk from affected cows render it unfit for human consumption, and there is correlation between SCC and decrease chemical milk parameters.
2015
03
01
26
35
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29341_746ebce445c14bd1f0ae29af31af63b9.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Food Hygiene Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki-Cairo
Hind
Daoud
Mervat
Ali
Attyat
K
In this study, the vaccination of cattle with inactivated bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), live attenuated sheep pox (SP) and inactivated trivalent foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccines was studied as single and simultaneous application. Twenty one calves were divided into seven groups (three animals each one). The cellular immune response was monitored by MTT based lymphocyte proliferation in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures, where it was found that the cellular immune response to FMDV did not affected when simultaneously administered with BEFV, but when administered with SPV only, the cell mediated immune response was earlier with higher levels. On the other hand, there is no significant difference in the determination of antibody levels as measured by (SNT and ELISA) between animal groups vaccinated with FMD and BEF vaccines; while, significant elevation in antibody levels was recorded in the case of vaccination with SP, BEF and FMD vaccines at the same time. So, it can be concluded that simultaneous vaccination of calves with SP, BEF and FMD trivalent vaccines could be considered of applicable benefit.
2015
03
01
36
43
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29342_316bf8e828ab5c4aa1ab912acbb718ce.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Some Morphological Studies on the Lacrimal gland in Sheep (Ovis aries)
Hassan
Anis
Atif
Selim
El-Sayed
Basha
Eman
El-Bhery
The Glandula lacrimalis of sheep is situated on the dorsolateral aspect of the eye ball. It is flattened and elongated oval in shape and pink to light brown in color. It has two surfaces, two border and two extremities. It was divided into two lobes, large cranial orbital lobe and small accessory caudal palpebral one. The two lobes are connected with each other by connective tissue. The lacrimal gland is supplied by A. lacrimalis of A. temporalis superficialis and A. lacrimalis profunda of rete mirabile a.ophthalmica. The venous blood of the lacrimal gland is drained by the V.lacrimalis which detached from the venous ophthalmic plexus. The lacrimal gland is innervated by N.lacrimalis which is a branch of N.ophthalmicus of N. trigeminus. The structures of the lacrimal gland included; stroma and parenchyma. The stroma sent many septa that divide the gland to many lobes and lobules via the interlobar and interlobular septa. The parenchymatous tissue was represented by the compacted secretory end pieces and duct system. By scanning electron microscope, the external surface of the gland was consisted of variable sized lobules which connected with each other via irregular rough connective tissue.
2015
03
01
44
59
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29346_43220cd852d80a7130e49808412ad7b9.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
A Study on the Association between Enterotoxigenic Potentiality and Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria Isolated from Avian Origins
Samah
Eid
Heba
Badr
Ahmed
Samy
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was studied in food poisoning implicated bacteria isolated from a variety of avian origin. Ten salmonella isolates, sixty E. coli isolates, and sixty coagulase positive staphylococci isolates were included in the study. The phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns of studied isolates revealed that 100% of tested isolates fulfilled the criteria of multidrug resistant bacteria. Conventional PCR was applied to investigate the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, and enterotoxin genes. Testing the ten Salmonella isolates by PCR detected stn genes, tetA, and blaTEM genes with rates of 100%, 60%,and 40% , respectively; Neither aac gene, nor qnRs genes was detected. Fifteen E. coli isolates were tested by PCR, 20%, 100%, 100%, 46.67%, 0%, and 13.33% were positive for aac, tetA, blaTem , qnRs , Stx1, and Stx2, respectively. PCR results of fifteen staphylococcus isolates revealed that zero %, 100%, 100% of the tested isolates were positive for aac, tetK, and blaZ, respectively. PCR revealed that none of the tested isolates were positive for sea nor see genes. Meanwhile, 60%, 86.7%, and 20% of staphylococcus isolates were positive for seb, sec, and sed genes, respectively. It could be concluded that poultry, poultry products, and poultry environments could impose public health hazard through disseminating multidrug resistant bacteria with enterotoxigenic potentialities.
2015
03
01
60
77
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29348_b693d9a72e9ea01f2a5c3078751a43aa.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Enhancement of the Immune Response of the Inactivated Rabies Vaccine Using Ginsenoside-Re
M
Shendy
To improve the efficacy of the inactivated rabies virus vaccine and vaccination of dogs and cats against rabies virus disease, ginsenoside Re was extracted from Panax ginsing used as adjuvant to rabies vaccine in different concentrations: 1.25, 2.50 and 5.00 mg/kg wt. This work included dogs and cats divided into eight groups of which five groups were vaccinated with inactivated rabies virus vaccine adjuvanted by ginsenoside Re. The 6th group was vaccinated with inactivated rabies vaccine adjuvanted by aluminum hydroxide gel (20%). On the other hand, the 7th group was inoculated by ginsenoside Re subcutaneously and the 8th group was left unvaccinated as control. It was revealed that ginsenoside Re is safe and did not show any clinical signs. Estimation of humoral immune response of vaccinated animals via indirect ELISA and serum neutralization test (SNT) revealed that vaccinated animals acquired rabies antibodies with high protective level by using ginsenoside Re as adjuvant. The obtained results were compared with those induced by the traditional gel vaccine. It was found that the use of Ginsenoside-Re could reduce the required protective dose and subsequently increase production rate. From these results, it could be concluded that ginsenoside-Re could be used as adjuvant to inactivated rabies virus vaccine.
2015
03
01
78
86
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29349_f9e7958df67396449dbd4cb942aa57f9.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Detection of Rabies Virus and Its Antibodies Using Staphylococcus aureus Protein A
Hemmat
A
A
Albehwar
M
Shendy
Staph protein-A conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and horseradish peroxidase were prepared and used in indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. In addition, serum neutralization test (SNT) was used to detect post-vaccination rabies antibodies in sera of 30 vaccinated dogs and 20 vaccinated cats. Unconjugated staph protein -A was used of agglutination test (AT). All the form mentioned and applied methods for detection of the incidence of anti-rabies antibodies in animal sera even with the use of non- specific anti-species (staph protein-A). FAT, AT and ELISA were found to be specific; sensitive and rapid tests required for rapid detection of rabies antibodies and virus in infected cell culture and mice brain. Regarding the sensitivity and rapidity of these tests, FAT comes first followed by ELISA and SNT then AT. It concluded that staph protein-A either unconjugated or conjugated as non-specific anti-species can be used for rapid detection of rabies antibodies in the sera of vaccinated dogs and cats.
2015
03
01
87
93
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29350_9ba92b83813e97f3d7df4d4c2fdfd2ee.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Genomic Characterization of Pigeon Pox Virus in Egypt
A
Abd El-Samie
Mohamed
Hashem
Mohamad
Al-Bakry
Manal
A
In this study skin scrab lesions were collected from pigeons showing symptoms of pigeon pox infection from different localities in Egypt. The prepared tissue suspension for inoculated in chorioallentioc membrane (CAM) of specific pathogenic free (SPF) 11day embryonated chicken eggs. The characteristic pock lesions were observed on CAM at the 2nd passage and. For genetic characterization of the isolated Pigeon pox virus the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was done from both crust sample and CAM by amplification of P4B gene using the specific forward and reverse primers. The presence of bands of 570 bp is considered positive results.
2015
03
01
94
101
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29351_e579a8431598fbd21eee0a58207dd285.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Study on the Effect of Humic Acid on Growth Performance, Immunological, Some Blood Parameters and Control Intestinal Closterdium in Broiler Chickens
Hala
Salah
Elsayed
Mansour
Reham
R
Eman
Abd El Hamid
Sixty broiler chickens of one day old were used to evaluate the effects of humic acid on body performance, leukogram and some biochemical parameters as well as effect in clostridium preferences (C. perferenges). At 20 of age 30 chicks were experementally infected with C. perferenges .Boiler chickens were divided into 4 equal groups (15 chicks each), 1st group healthy broiler chickens kept as control group, 2nd group healthy broiler chickens supplemented with 20 mg/kgm Bwt humic acid in drinking water for 5 successive days, 3rd group broiler chickens experimentally infected with C. perferenges non treated and 4th group broiler chickens experimentally infected with C. perferenges supplemented with 20 mg/kgm Bwt humic acid in drinking water for 5 successive day. Five chicks from each group were sacrificed at 1st and 10thday post supplementation. Two blood samples were taken for hematological biochemical study. Broiler chicken infected with C. perferenges showed clinical signs as loss of appetite, drooping wings, ruffled feathers, depression, emaciation, diarrhea, mortality rate 33.33 %, significant decreases in weight gain, heterophile, phagocytosis, phagocytic index, Killing %, total protein, albumin, A/G ratio beside insignificant eosinophilia and basophilia coupled with significant elevation in feed conversion rate, leukocytic count, lymphocyte, monocyte, total, γ and α globulins, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphates, uric acid and creatinine. Healthy broiler chickens supplemented with humic acid showed significant increases in weight gains, leukocytic count, lymphocyte, phagocytosis, phagocytic index, killing %, total proteins, a , b and g globulin, coupled with significant decreases in concentration of C perfringes in intestinal content, feed conversion rate, heterophils, monocyte, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphates, A/G ratio beside insignificant decrease of serum total protein, albumin, uric acid, creatinine and insignificant in eosinophilia and basophilia. Diseased broiler chicken supplemented with humic acid showed disappear clinical signs and improved body performance as well as hemato-biochemical parameters. It could be concluded that humic acid induce reduction in concentration of C. perfringens in intestine beside improvement in weight gain, feed conversion rate, biochemical parameters and stimulate the immunity of broiler chickens.
2015
03
01
102
109
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29352_b0614803ab2eb6448e7b30f6e379dbda.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Preparation and Evaluation of Antigens of Rift Valley Fever Virus
Mona
El-Manzlawy
Effat
El sayed
This work aimsto prepare and evaluate Rift Valley Fiver (RVF) antigen for detection of RVF antibodies in infected and vaccinated animals. Three types of antigen (whole cells suspension , cell lysate and supernatant) were prepared and to be proved sterile and safe when inoculated in tissue culture and mice, and revealed positive reaction in AGPT with specific reference antiserum and checkerboard ELISA was used for titration of the prepared antigens. The obtained results revealed that the whole cell antigen had a titer of 1/160, and the cell lysate antigen had a titer 1/200 while the supernatant antigen was of a titer 1/20. Application of these antigens with the serum samples obtained from vaccinated animals with RVF inactivated vaccine, revealed that the cell lysate antigen is more potent followed by the whole cell suspension one for detection of anti RVF IgG than other supernatant antigen. From the previous results, it can be concluded that the cell lysate antigen is the best and can be used to detect the anti-bodies of the RVF in the animal vaccines.
2015
03
01
110
116
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29353_0adaf27a3107595fecf20d8b8d6c0d21.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Effect of The Addition of Natural and Lyophilized Hen’s Egg Yolk, Egg Yolk Plasma and LDL to Semen Extender on the Freezability and DNA Integrity of Arab Stallion Spermatozo
D
El-Badry
Abeer
Anwar
Z
Rawash
T
Scholkamy
The present study aimed to investigate the cryoprotective capacities of natural and lyophilized forms of whole egg yolk, egg plasma and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on Arab stallion spermatozoa. Semen samples were collected from 5 Arabian stallions and diluted with INRA-82 extender containing natural egg yolk (15%), lyophilized egg yolk (15%), natural egg plasma (5, 7.5, 10 and 15%), lypholized egg plasma (10%), natural LDL (5, 7.5, 10 and 15%) and lypholized LDL (7.5%). Semen aliquots were processesed for cryopreservation and sperm pos-thaw motility, membrane; acrosome, mitochondria and DNA integrities were recorded. The results showed that, 10% egg plasma and 7.5% LDL were superior to other tested concentrations. Natural forms of LDL and egg plasma improved quality of frozen-thawed stallion spermatozoa in terms of pos-thaw motility, viability index, membrane, acrosome, mitochondria and DNA integrities. Using the lyophilized forms of LDL and egg plasma in stallion semen extender resulted in the worst semen quality endpoints, while, using the lyophilized egg yolk resulted in satisfactory results. In conclusion, the addition of the natural forms of LDL and egg plasma as well as lyophilized egg yolk to semen extender could be good alternatives to the whole egg yolk as they improves stallion sperm quality after cryopreservation in terms of motility, integrities of mitochondria, membrane and acrosome as well as reduction of DNA damage.
2015
03
01
117
128
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29355_302aa897227f4e0275f5bd950b5c88a5.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Assessment of a fowl pox-vectored Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine in chickens
Afaf
Khedr
Hyam
Farouk
Fowl pox-vectored Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine (FPVMGV) is a recombinant fowl pox virus vaccine expressing protective Mycoplasma gallisepticum antigens which could facilitate the prevention of both fowl pox virus and M. gallisepticum infections. The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of fowl pox-vectored Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine as compared with live attenuated fowl pox, live mycoplasma gallisepticum and inactivated mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines. The FPVMGV was proved to be safe based on clinical findings and gross pathological lesions of air sacs and peritoneum of the inoculated experimental chickens. FPVMGV was proved to induce higher protection (93%) than that induced by the conventional live (86%) and inactivated MG (80%) vaccines, in addition the vaccine induced protection against the challenge with fowl pox virus (92%) less than that in case of live attenuated fowl pox vaccine. On the other hand, the available commercial ELISA kit for detection of MG antibodies failed to detect any seroconversion in chicken vaccinated with the Fowl pox-vectored Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine contrally to the results obtained in the other two conventional MG vaccines. In conclusion, the fowl pox-vectored Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine could be a good option for use in chicken to prevent FPV and M. gallisepticum infections.
2015
03
01
129
137
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29357_83ad8995a4be52fd3ef9fa8a1b30b8ac.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Investigation of The Protective Role of Albendazole on Male Fertility, Hormonal and some Biochemical Parameter Induced by Gastrointestinal Nematode bn Rams
E
Hussein
Eman
Abd El Hamid
Hala
Salah
Samy
Shawky
Nahed
Kamoura
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of gastrointestinal nematodes on male fertility and some biochemical parameters in rams and modulating this effect by using albendazole. Twenty rams aged 1.5 - 2 years old weighting 40 – 45 kg belonged to a private farm at Sharkia Province were used in this trail. Rams were divided into four equal groups (5 each). 1stgroup clinically healthy rams free from parasite (control group), 2ndgroup clinically healthy rams free from parasite received 5mg albendazole/kgm bwt one dose, 3rd group rams gastrointestinal nematodes infested non treated and 4th group gastrointestinal nematodes infested and treated with 5mg albendazole/kgm bwt. one dose. Blood, fecal and semen samples were collected from all rams at 7th, 14th and 28th day post treatment for biochemical analysis evaluate semen character and evaluate efficacy of albandazole against gastrointestinal nematodes. Fecal examination revealed presence of gastrointestinal nematodes eggs as Haemonchus spp, Trichuris spp, Trichostrongylus spp., Ostertagia circumcieta and mixed infection Trichuris + Haemonchus and Ostertagia +Trichostronglus. Reduction of egg count of gastrointestinal nematodes 100 % at 14th day post albendazole treatment. Healthy rams received albendazole show significant decrease in testosterone hormone, sperm cell concentration, individual motility, alive sperm, total protein, albumin and globulin. Beside significant increase in sperm abnormality and insignificant decrease in ejaculate volume, coupled with insignificant increase in serum and seminal plasma trace elements, ALT, AST, Alp, urea and creatinine. Rams infested with gastrointestinal nematodes show significant decrease in testosterone hormone, sperm cell concentration, individual motility, live sperm, serum and seminal plasma trace element, total protein, albumin and globulin and significant increase in total abnormality, liver enzymes (AST, ALT & ALP) urea and creatinine. Beside insignificant decrease in ejaculate volume was shown. Infested rams treated with albendazole show return the previous parameter to nearly normal levels at 28th day post treatment. It could be concluded that the albendazole effective against gastrointestinal nematodes and ameliorating its adverse effect in rams fertility and biochemical parameters but its have transit adverse effect in male fertility so; it is not used during mating period.
2015
03
01
138
147
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29358_e3b81c1c2c7fb5730e134e570e360765.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Incidence and Significance of Aeromonas hydrophila in Non Hatched Chicken Eggs
Aml
Bakheet
Hassan
KH
Shahera
Rashad
This work was designed to investigate incidence of Aeromonas hydrophila in non hatched chicken eggs and study its pathogenic effect on embryonated chicken eggs. Four hundred non hatched chicken eggs were collected, (200) samples from mechanical hatchery and (200) from balady hatchery in Assiut governorate. Thirty (7.5%) A. hydrophila isolates were isolated, 14 (7%) and 16(8 %) from the mechanical hatchery and balady hatchery respectively. Inoculation of A. hydrophila strain via yolk sac route in a dose of 1.5x 107/ ml induced 100% embryonic mortalities after 3 days. Re-isolation of A. hydrophila from liver and yolk with a percentage 90% and 95% respectively . Groups of 5 days –old and 17 days –old ECE dipped in media contain A. hydrophila in a dose 6.1X 109 /ml induced 25%and 30% embryonic mortalities after 7 and 4 days respectively , the re-isolation of A. hydrophila was 60%,33.3% from liver and 80% ,83.3% from yolk respectively. Hatchability was 75% and 70% in dipped groups. The rate of A. hydrophila re-isolation from organs of sacrificed hatched chickes (intestine, liver, heart and yolk sac) was 93.1, 68.9, 17.2 and 51.7%, respectively. Histopathological changes in liver, heart and intestine were hepatic degeneration, myocardial congestion and intestinal heamorrhages.
2015
03
01
148
159
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29360_fccdf77f2f5700f05d4e3f6285e39d13.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Estimation of Rabies Antibodies in Animal Sera Using Different Techniques
Hemmat
A
Amany
A
Shendy
B
Attyat
Kotb
Rabies antibodies were detected in dog, cat and cattle serum samples and quantified through application of four different methods including Serum neutralization test (SNT), rapid fluorescence focus inhibition test (RFFIT), indirect ELISA and Dot ELISA. The comparison of rabies antibody titers determined in tested samples using RFFIT showed lower than indirect ELISA and SNT. The dot ELISA may have potential applications as a rapid, simple and economical field test in the detection of rabies antibodies but it revealed lower sensitivity and specificity than indirect ELISA and SNT but more than RFFIT. Otherwise, RFFIT needs more time and expensive test. So, the previous study confirmed that indirect ELISA is the best of choice for detection of rabies antibodies in sera of different animal species because of its highly sensitive, specific and safe laboratory technique.
2015
03
01
160
166
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29362_bd215ebe505f08669a396ff4df19f710.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Occurrence of Ochratoxin A in Milk powder Marketed in Sharkia Governorate
Salah
Abd El Aal
Amal
Raslan
Ochratoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced as secondary metabolites of several fungi, whichconsists of three members, Ochratoxin A is the most abundant, the most commonly detected member and the most toxic out of the three. A total of 60 random samples of milk powder marketed in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt (20 each of retail size packages (25gm - 100gm), small packages (2kg) and bulk packages (25 kg) were collected and subjected to quantitative detection of Ochratoxin A using immunoaffinty column method after extraction and then reading by VICAM Fluorometer. Out of 20 examinedretail size packages samples, 50% were contaminated with Ochratoxin A, the minimum was 2.0 ppb, the maximum was 7.6 ppb with a mean value of 5.14 ± 0.647 ppb, while 65% out of examinedsmall packages were contaminated ( 3.0 to 8.9 ppb) with a mean value of 6.07 ± 0 .679 ppb, but 80% of bulk packages were contaminated by range value from 3 to 9.9 ppb with an average of 6.51 ppb. All positive samples were within the permissible limits, according to JECFA, 2001, while according to European commission limits, 2001 20%, 25% and 35% of retail size packages, small packages and bulk packages were within the permissible limits, respectively. But according to United States standard and Egyptian limits, 2010, 50%, 35% and 20% were within the permissible limits respectively.
2015
03
01
167
173
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29364_33ff6903a444e305ce2b2b33d6605726.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Using of Phospholipase D of Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis Ovis as Immunostimulant with Some Poultry Vaccines
Marwah
M
Hanan
Mahmoud
Mona
El-Shehedi
Namaa
Mohamed
The immunopotentiating effect of Phospholipase D (PLD) of Mycobacteria pseudotuberculosis with the Newcastle disease (ND) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) inactivated oil adjuvant vaccines was investigated by measuring the antibody titers following immunization comparing the inactivated vaccines alone as control.Two groups of chickens were inoculated with PLD in the 1st group at two weeks before vaccination with ND and MG inactivated oil adjuvant vaccines , while in the 2nd group chickens were simultaneously inoculated with PLD at the same time with vaccination against ND and MG. The ND- HI titer was higher in the 1st group (29 )than in the 2nd group (28.3) 4-7 weeks postvaccination .In case of MG vaccine primed by PLD 2 weeks before vaccination induced higher and earlier antibodies from the 1st week postvaccination when examined by ELISA test , while inoculation with both MG vaccine and PLD at the same time induced lower titers from the 2nd week postvaccination.The levels of antibody titers in the vaccinated birds and protection level in the challenged birds were enhanced in the presence of PLD inoculated 2 weeks before vaccination. In conclusion PLD was found to be safe and efficacious immune stimulator suitable for use with inactivated vaccines to produce early, better and prolonged immune response.
2015
03
01
174
181
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29366_c8d15c55f38c85f0783dc9adc1f2f57b.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Preparation and Evaluation of Combined Polyvalent Inactivated Vaccine for The Protection Against Chronic Respiratory Disease in Chickens
Fatma
Gadallah
Salama
S
F
El-Seedy
Chronic respiratory disease (CRD) is one of the major problems within the poultry farms. In this study, a polyvalent inactivated M. gallisepticum and Escherichia coli vaccine was prepared then evaluated using both serological and vaccination challenge tests. Results of this vaccine was promising, where the peak of humoral immune response against M. gallisepticum as measured by ELISA were 2418 and 5600 when taken in either single or booster doses respectively while were 2240 and 3576 for E. coli. As regards to the protection against challenge with virulent bacterial strains, the achieved protection percentages against M. gallisepticum virulent strain were 62 and 72 post single and booster doses while were 66.67 and 77.47 for E. coli. The achieved results could help to be concluded that the locally prepared polyvalent M. gallisepticum and E. coli vaccine may help and minimize the problem of the chronic respiratory diseases in poultry farms.
2015
03
01
182
190
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29367_f511d1ced03464bfcc2058638f9f7464.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2015
43
1
Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies of Endometrium in Buffalo (Bos bubalis L.) at Follicular and Luteal Phases
Aly El Din
Aly
Saeed
Ammar
Mervat
Konswa
Hassan
Emam
This study was carried out to observe morphological changes of buffalo endometrium at follicular and luteal phases. Uterine tissues were collected from female buffaloes at abattoir and the selected estrous stages were categorized into the follicular (n = 5) and luteal (n = 5) phases. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study surface epithelial changes. The results by SEM examination, the ciliated and secretory cells with different patterns, i.e. abundant microvilli on the apical part or secretory protrusion in various degrees, distinctly increased at the follicular phase. Meanwhile, there were numerous secretory cells with stubby microvilli covered throughout the endometrial surface with secretory vesicles, which were observed numerously at endometrial glandular orifices during the luteal phase, at while the ciliated cells were scarcely seen. The buffalo endometrium obviously revealed modifications during the estrous cycle for physiological events, i.e. sperm transport, early embryonic development and implantation.
2015
03
01
191
200
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29368_a317c33f6308e97c34ecd948c0d3629a.pdf