Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Relationship Between the Productivity Losses of Tilapia and Aeromonas Veronii Infection
124
142
EN
Rasha
Reda
0000-0003- 3587-7964
Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
rashareda55@yahoo.com
Abdelhakeem
El-Murr
Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
el-murr@gmail.com
Yasser
Abd Elhakim
Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
yasser2021@gmail.com
Wessam
El-Shahat
Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
wessamelshahat192@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2021.68864.1134
Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochormis niloticus</em>) is considered one of the top cultured fish in Egypt and the second globally. The high demand for animal protein was associated with intensive fish culturing, which resulted in the emergence of disease outbreaks causing significant losses in tilapia aquaculture among the recent years. With special reference to bacterial outbreaks, <em>Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) </em>is a recently reported bacterial pathogen affecting farmed tilapia and other fish species worldwide. <em>A. veronii </em>has been notified as a significant threat on Nile tilapia populations resulting in heavy mortality and was recorded to have a wide range of antibiotic resistance. Subsequently, recent publications focused on immunostimulant alternatives. The previous science data on summer tilapia mortality phenomena were outlined in this review article with special reference to <em>A. veronii</em> as an important pathogen. Clinical and postmortem symptoms, histopathological lesions, genetic diversity, and associations with others submitted to GenBank, diagnosis, control steps, and significance to public health were highlighted.
tilapia,Aeromonas veronii,Summer Mortality
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_179960.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_179960_b1056a7ad674cce6935d1ee749d97ba5.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Effect of Hydroethanolic Extract of Nasturtium on Parameters of Reproductive and Sex Hormones of Male Rats
143
157
EN
El -sayed
A
Abdel Aziz
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
emana7863@gmail.com
Ahmed
A.
Said
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
emy2010676@hotmail.com
Eman
M.A.
Saad
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
emana4863@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2021.70538.1136
Nasturtium is a plant in the family <em>Trapaeolaceae</em> cultivated in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, which has numerous healing, antiseptic, and expectorant activities. It is the most important herbal medicine used for curing some diseases like diabetes, bronchitis, cardiovascular disorders, and urinary tract infections. There are many chemical constituents isolated from Nasturtium including polyphenols, glucosilonates and fatty acids. Many systems of the body like the reproductive system are affected by some herbal plants, which contain essential chemical active substances with biological properties. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of hydroethanolic extract of Nasturtium on parameters of reproductive and sex hormones on male rats. Sixty mature male albino rats weighing 180-200 g were divided into three equal groups at random. The first group was kept as a monitor and consisted of 20 rats that were given distilled water daily for 30 days. The second group consisted of 20 rats, which were given hydroethanolic extract of Nasturtium flowers orally via a stomach tube at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight (BW.), and the third group consisted of 20 rats, those were given hydro-alcoholic extract of Nasturtium leaves every day for four weeks. Blood samples were collected from all rats to estimate serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and prolactin. The testicles, seminal vesicles and prostate glands were weighted and the sperms were collected from the epididymis to calculate the sperm count. The results showed decreased testosterone level in flower extract (1.10 ± 0.238) and leaves extract (0.89 ± 0.08) compared to the control group (3.75 ± 0.35). Also, LH decreased in flower extract (0.225 ± 0.025) and leave extract (0.103 ± 0.003) compared to the control group (0.105 ± 0.003). Meanwhile, serum FSH level in flower extract (0.60 ± 0.07)and leaves extract (0.45 ± 0.05) showed non-significant change compared with the control group (0.35 ± 0.029). The fast mobility of sperm indicated non-significant change compared with the control group. In conclusion, hydroethanolic extract of Nasturtium make attributed levels on sex hormones, which give negative effect on fertility despite of its chemical compounds.
Nasturtium,spermparameters,Rats,herbs,testosterone
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_179961.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_179961_65bf2d45ff0a4c6e1ee8dff337f5dbc5.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Mir-140 and Mir-34a as Molecular Markers for Apoptotic Brain in Sunset Yellow and Carmoisine Intoxicated Mice
158
170
EN
Mohamed
Hussein
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
hamza_vet@yahoo.com
Ahmed
Arisha
0000-0002-1330-6311
Animal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
vetahmedhamed@yahoo.com
Eman
Mahmoud
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
dr.eman.mahmoudmohamed@gmail.com
Samar
Abdo
https://orcid.org/00
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
samer_ahmed289@yahoo.com
10.21608/zvjz.2021.66481.1141
Brain is the central organ in human body, that is working 24hr/7days even before we leave our mother`s womb. None surprising that care should be paid for the food consumed that consequently affecting brain environment, neurotransmitters as well as oxidative state. Carmoisine (Car) and sunset yellow (SY) are synthetic food additives extensively utilized during food processing and subsequently affecting brain health. The apoptotic effect underling the behavioral changes after oral consumption of either Car or SY remains not fully understudied. Respective biochemical and molecular biological parameters by means of one fifty adult male mice were conducted. The study extended for 3 months on 5 different groups with ten mice each; Group 1 was utilized as the control group, group 2 was treated with the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of SY (30 mg/kg BW), group 3 was treated with 10x ADI of SY, group 4 was treated with ADI of Car (4 mg/kg BW) and group 5 was administered 10x ADI of Car; all doses were given orally via gastric lavage. Exposure to higher doses of either SY or Car significantly altered the biochemical parameters; decreased both serotonin and dopamine levels and total antioxidant capacity as well. However, increased the lipid peroxidation marker malonaldehyde (MDA), upregulated the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic genes (Fas, Fas-L, Bax and casp3) and down regulated the transcriptional level of the anti-apoptotic gene <em>Bcl2.</em>Moreover upregulated both <em>miR-140 and miR-34a </em>expression levels and consequently down-regulated their target genes<em> NRF-2 and SIRT-1, </em>respectively.<em> </em>So, we can conclude that excessive oral administration of either Car or SY has apoptotic effect and care should be paid with their usage.
microRNA,Carmoisine,sunset yellow,apoptosis,and neurotransmitter
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_180667.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_180667_ca3d26bdc31598cd6249871ecbf39096.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Comparative ELISA and SAT assays for the detection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale antibodies in broiler chickens at Sharkia Governorate
171
180
EN
Amal
A M
Eid
0000-0003-4183-4899
Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
amalaeidvet@gmail.com
Amira
M.M.
Morsy
Poultry Diseases Department Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch
a@gmail.com
Samy
A.A.
Adael
Poultry Diseases Department Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch
s@gmail.com
Abdel- Shokour
N.A.
Ismail
Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
as@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2021.81189.1142
The Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) has been involved in respiratory disease complex in poultry. In a trial to investigate the inclusion of ORT in broiler chickens suffering from respiratory troubles two hundred and fifty birds ( 30 flocks) were subjected to clinical, PM and serological examination . The clinical findings of the examined birds were nasal discharges, rales, swollen eyes accompanied by diarrhea in some cases. Fibrinous pericarditis, perihepatitis and air sacculitis as well as caseated materials in trachea and bronchi were the frequently associated gross lesions beside foamy yoghurt like exudates. Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was applied on Sera samples (N= 250) to detect antibodies against ORT. ELISA results were positive among 80% of the tested flocks .A selected 49 sera samples were submitted for both ELISA and Slide agglutination test (SAT). Their outcomes revealed 93.9% positive for ELISA and 89.8% and 69.38% against ORT-I and ORT-II antigens respectively. The comparable findings proved that in case of unavailability of ELISA assay the SAT could be helpful alternative in ORT antibody monitoring.
ORT,chickens,ELISA,SAT
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_180685.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_180685_f7b47b559fb7c09250fc38f57178c59d.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Multiplex PCR - RFLP Assay for Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii Isolated from Birds’ Droppings and Eucalyptus Trees
181
193
EN
Mohamed
Taha
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
mtahalab@yahoo.com
Yasmine
Tartor
0000-0003-1246-6548
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
jasmen21@yahoo.com
Sara
Ibrahim
Veterinarian, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
vetsarazaki@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2021.79965.1139
<em>Cryptococcus neoformans/ Cryptococcus gattii (C. neoformans/ C. gattii) </em>species complex are encapsulated basidiomycetous yeasts, causing cryptococcosis which is a life-threatening fungal disease of the pulmonary and central nervous system of humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate the recovery rate of C<em>. neoformans </em>and <em>C. gattii </em>from bird droppings and Eucalyptus trees in Egypt as well as the performance of the phenotypic and molecular identification methods for <em>Cryptococcus</em> species identification. Overall, 27 <em>Cryptococcus</em> isolates (13.5%) were isolated from 200 examined samples including 70 pigeon droppings, 50 captive birds’ droppings, and 80 Eucalyptus trees samples. The recoveredisolates were phenotypically identified based on macro- and micro-morphological characters, urease test, and differentiation using cryptococcus differential agar media. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using <em>Eco</em>RIrestriction enzyme for confirmation of species identification. The molecular methods identified 20 <em>C. neoformans</em>from pigeon’s droppings (12/70, 17.14%) and captive birds’ droppings samples (8/50, 16%), as well as 7 <em>C. gattii</em> from Eucalyptus trees (7/80, 8.75%). Molecular identification results did not correspond with those of the phenotypic identification methods in three isolates (11.11%), as phenotypic methods identified only 4 <em>C. gattii </em>isolates and molecular methods identified 7 isolates. In conclusion, multiplex PCR and RFLP analysis of multiplex PCR products are rapid, sensitive, species-specific, and more reliable methods for identification of <em>Cryptococcus </em>species and may be used as a complementary to phenotypic methods to avoid false-negative and false-positive results.
C. neoformans,C. gattii,identification,RFLP,Multiplex PCR
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_181186.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_181186_f7b9beb4d2ed0a8f1ee2369329f85a79.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Detection of Iridoviruses in Fishes in Damietta and Sharkia Governorates, Egypt
194
207
EN
Nada
El Mallah
0000-0001-7515-9962
Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
hnada66@yahoo.com
Shimaa
Mansour
Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
shimaagalal@gmail.com
Mukhtar
El Tarabily
0000-0001-8273-2747
Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
rehameltrabely@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2021.81850.1145
Iridovirus infection has threatened the aquaculture industry worldwide. It has been associated with severe disease and economic losses in fish. In the present study, sixty-two fishes (Sea bream = 50; Sea bass = 3; Mullet = 9) were collected from Damietta and Sharkia Governorates, Egypt during May 2019-September 2020. The clinical signs, gross lesions and histopathological findings were recorded and later confirmed by molecular detection of Iridovirus in different fish species. Besides, isolation of molecularly identified Iridovirus from fish tissues in Vero cell cultures was done. Clinically, the affected fishes become lethargic, exhibit severe anemia, petechiae in the skin and gills. Unilateral hemorrhages in eye and cloudy eye were recorded only in Sea bream fish. Necropsy of the infected fishes revealed congestion of the internal organs, petechial hemorrhages on spleen, liver, kidneys and heart. Necrotic foci on liver were also observed. Histopathological examination revealed congestion of portal veins, cytoplasmic vacuolation with presence of intranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies within degenerated hepatocytes. Multifocal necrosis and various degree of inflammation in different fish tissues were observed. Molecularly, the obtained 1000 bp amplicon by PCR confirmed the presence of Iridovirus major capsid protein (MCP) gene with a percentage of 12.1%. It was detected in both fry and market size fish as well as in clinically infected and apparently healthy fish. The molecularly identified virus was able to replicate in Vero cells at 28ºC, but not at 37 ºC. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Iridovirus isolation in Vero cells and detection in fish within Damietta and Sharkia Governorates, Egypt. Further studies are recommended to investigate its presence on a broader scale with genomic sequence analysis
Keywords: Seabream,Seabass,Mullet,PCR,isolation
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_181187.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_181187_942e68ac9847a9b2f995ba03d3f3931f.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
49
2
2021
06
01
Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Associated Genes and Biofilm Formation of Salmonella Species Isolated from Different Sources
208
221
EN
Mohamed
Mohamed
Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
bishet68@yahoo.de
Rehab
Mohamed
Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
elaqsa_2025@yahoo.com
Rasha
Gharieb
Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
ghariebrasha@gmail.com
Magda
Amin
Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
magdaamin@yahoo.com
Heba
Ahmed
Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
heba_ahmed@zu.edu.eg
10.21608/zvjz.2021.81722.1144
Infections with Salmonella species are among the major foodborne outbreaks of concern globally. This study aimed to characterize virulence determinants, antibiotic susceptibilities and biofilm formation ability of 29 Salmonella spp. isolated from chicken and human sources in Egypt. Molecular identification of virulence-associated genes revealed the detection of avrA gene in 100% of the examined isolates. The sopB, stn, hilA and bcfC genes were identified in 91.3% of the isolates, while, 86.2% and 31.03% harbored mgtC gene and spvC genes, respectively. The pefA and fimH genes were only identified in three isolates (10.3%). Fifteen antimicrobials were chosen to assess the susceptibility of the isolates to these drugs. The majority (31.03%) was resistant to 10 antibiotics; meanwhile, 89.6% were resistant to at least 5 antimicrobials. Out of 29 Salmonella isolates, 89.76%, 82.8% and 37.9% were biofilm producers at 35°C, 25°C, and 4°C, respectively. Significant correlation was observed between different Salmonella serotypes and their ability to produce biofilms. In conclusion, frequent monitoring of virulence determinants, antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm characteristics of Salmonella spp. is essential to improve food safety.
Salmonella species,Virulotyping,Antibiotic Susceptibility,biofilm formation
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_181188.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_181188_a5e5375c26896428685438a9130850fe.pdf