Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Effect of CATA PRO ® on Hemato-biochemical Parameters, Fecal Shedding of Escherichia coli and Frequency of Diarrhea in Neonatal Buffalo Calves
107
115
EN
Hassan
F.
Omran
Animal Medicine Department (Internal medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
hossam.412@gmail.com
Fayez
N.
Kiroloss
Animal Medicine Department (Internal medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
hossam_412@yahoo.com
Ahmed
S.
Mohamed
Animal Medicine Department (Internal medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
dr_ahmedshehta111@yahoo.com
10.21608/zvjz.2019.15483.1067
In Europe from 2006 and nowadays all over the world, there are restrictions about the addition of antibiotics to calves' food in order to minimize the rates of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the anti-diarrheal effect of probiotic supplementation in neonatal buffalo calves at a dose of 10 g for each animal once daily for three weeks comparing with non-supplemented control group that fed only on milk replacer. Fecal score, selective hematological and biochemical studies were analyzed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the frequency of diarrhea caused by <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and the Probability of having any side effects on blood picture and liver function. Results revealed that the probiotics mixture used at this study had no significant changes at the values of red and white blood cells, liver enzymes, glucose and electrolytes. however, a significant decrease in the count of fecal <em>E. coli</em> wihout diarrhea was observed all over the experimental periods compared to the non-supplemented animals. It could be concluded that the addition of probiotics to calves food at the period before weaning is safe and achieving antidiarreal and antimicrobial benefits.
probiotic,electrolytes,Calf Scour,Erythrocyte,Leukocyte
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99410.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99410_a23f5a839be8a9b487827820f095e8d3.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Dermatophytosis among Ruminants in Egypt: The Infection Rate, Identification and Comparison between Microscopic, Cultural and Molecular Methods
116
127
EN
Mohammed
Abd-Elmegeed
Animal Medicine Department, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
mohamedghoneim800@gmail.com
Mamdouh
F.
El-Mekkawi
Animal Medicine Department, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
mamdouhmekkawi@gmail.com
Eman
M.
El-Diasty
Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki- Giza, Cairo, Egypt
emandiasty61@gmail.com
Elshaima
M.
Fawzi
Animal Medicine Department, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
a.fawzy@zu.edu.eg
10.21608/zvjz.2019.16779.1081
Dermatophytosis is a skin disease of farm animals caused by different species of the Microsporum and Trichophyton genera. Although the disease is self-limiting, ringworm has a major public and veterinary health problem with worldwide distribution including Egypt. The objectives of this study were to estimate the infection rate of dermatophytosis in ruminants, identify the incriminated dermatophyte species and differentiate among them using conventional and molecular methods. Moreover, assessment of the role of environmental risk factors in the occurrence of the disease. Cow (n=197), sheep (n=103) and goats (n=70) of different breeds, sexes, and ages in Sharkia and Dakahalia Governorates were clinically examined during the period from June 2018 to July 2019. Out of the examined animals, 111 (30%) have skin lesions consistent with dermatophytosis. The infection rate of the disease was 30, 37.9 and 18.6% in cow, sheep and goat, respectively. The rate of infection was higher in the Holstein breed (36.6%) compared to native breed (23%). The higher rate of infection was found amongst lambs less than 6 months while in cow and goats the infection rate was higher in animals more than 6 months old. Male animals were generally more infected than females in all studied animals, and the infection was more common in winter season. <em>Trichophyton verrucosum</em> was the most commonly identified dermatophyte species (25.6%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) along with restriction fragment length polymorphism method (RFLP) succeeded to differentiate between both isolated <em>Trichophyton</em> and <em>Microsporum species</em>. In conclusion, PCR along with culture results acted as gold standard methods for diagnosis of dermatophytosis. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method was considered as a rapid approach with high specificity and sensitivity to identify and differentiate dermatophytes in ruminants.
Dermatophytosis,Egypt,RFLP,risk factors,ruminants
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99422.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99422_876c019a465b19407033f942835758d3.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism and DNA Sequencing for Identification of Malassezia species Isolated from Animals in Egypt
128
139
EN
Mohamed
Taha
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
mtahalab@yahoo.com
Yasmine
H.
Tartor
0000-0003-1246-6548
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
jasmen21@yahoo.com
Marwa
Abd El-Hamid
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
mero_micro2006@yahoo.com
Manal
M.
El-Mesalamy
Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (ARC), Zagazig branch, 12618, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
manalelmesalamy22@gmail.com
Abeer
EL Sayed
Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig branch, 12618, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
abeerahmed_am@yahoo.com
10.21608/zvjz.2019.18116.1086
Malassezia is one of the most significant yeast genera causing Malasseziosis in different animals. In the present study, the phenotypic methods, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing were applied for identification of <em>Malassezia</em> species isolated from 160 ear swabs and skin scrapings of apparently healthy and diseased dogs, cats, horses and buffaloes (40 animals, each). Of the 82 ear swabs as well as 78 skin scrapings, 24 (29.3%) and 25 (32.1%) yielded a positive growth on mycobiotic agar, respectively. The forty-nine <em>Malassezia</em> isolates were subjected for phenotypic identification based on macro- and micro-morphological characters on mycobiotic agar medium, growth on Dixon`s medium at different temperatures, and the physiological characters (tween assimilation, esculin hydrolysis, tryptophan utilization, and production of catalase enzyme). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 26S rDNA gene, followed by restriction analysis using <em>HhaI</em> restriction enzyme and DNA sequencing were employed. Forty-eight and one isolates were phenotypically identified as <em>M. pachydermatis </em>and <em>M. globose</em>, respectively. The PCR-RFLP assay for 21 representative isolates revealed the identification of<em> M. pachydermatis </em>(n=17)<em>, M. furfur </em>(n=1)<em>, M. globosa</em> (n=2) and<em> M. restricta </em>(n=1). Furthermore, the DNA sequencing showed a maximum identity (100%) of the tested isolates to <em>Malassezia</em> spp. available on the Genbank database. The most frequently identified <em>Malassezia</em> spp. by genotypic method was <em>M. pachydermatis </em>(80.95%). It was isolated from 33.3%, 23.8%, 14.28% and 9.52% of examined dogs, cats, horses and buffaloes, respectively. The second frequent identified species was <em>M. globosa</em> (9.52%). It was isolated only from horses and buffaloes (4.76% each), meanwhile <em>M. furfur </em>was recovered from buffaloes and <em>M. restricta </em>was isolated from dogs (4.76% each). In conclusion, PCR-RFLP assay and DNA sequencing proved to be more accurate and reliable methods for <em>Malassezia</em> spp. identification and are complementary for phenotypic methods.
Malassezia species,PCR-RFLP,Phenotypic identification,26S rDNA sequencing,Animals
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99446.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99446_9f7e50ff9285da651f929cf534e322c4.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
A possible Role of Salicylates in Diabetes Type II
140
152
EN
Yousef
M.
Shehata
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
mn_ml11@yahoo.com
Amany
I.
Ahmed
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
drmonmon_vet@yahoo.com
Nada
Y.
Nasr
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
nadayusuf1983@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2019.18354.1087
Type II diabetes mellitus is the most characteristic metabolic disorder, described by insulin resistance followed by pancreatic β -cell failure leading to hyperglycemia<strong>. </strong>Inflammation plays a critical role in both insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure.Inflammation induce insulin resistance through stimulation of various serine kinases such as Inhibition of nuclear factor κβ kinase subunit β/ Nuclear factor-kappa Beta (IKK-β / NF-κβ) <strong> </strong>so, targeting the inflammation with anti-inflammatory agents and preventing insulin resistance may be a promising tool for type II diabetes management. But confirm this approach further researches and evaluation is required. Aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid), for recent use, offers a novel way for management of type II diabetes due to its anti-inflammatory properties and insulin-sensitizing action. Aspirin has the ability to ameliorate hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and reduce proinflammatory cytokines by several mechanisms. Aspirin has the ability to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases by inhibition of cyclooxegenase enzyme and act as antidiabetic due to its insulin sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, aspirin is an effective antidiabetic therapy which is not only providing good glycemic control but also having anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects. However, we should keep in mind the side effects that result from its prolonged use which are represented in gastric ulcer, hemorrhage and impairment of kidney function. This review summarizes the responsibility of inflammation in insulin resistance and the role of aspirin as antiplatelets and antidiabetic drug.
aspirin,Type II diabetes,Inflammation,Insulin Resistance
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99455.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99455_f494ac198d9beb24f4cbeb8bdc641c8a.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Evaluation Study on the Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1026 and Lactobacillus casei on Some Ruminal and Biochemical Parameters in Fattening Calves
153
164
EN
Ossama
I.
Eladawi
MSD Animal Health, 5th Settlement, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
osama.el.adawy@merck.com
Shaimaa
M.
Gouda
Animal Medicine Department, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
shaimaagouda@yahoo.com
Elabasy
M.
Elnaggar
Animal Medicine Department, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
elabasy.mohamed@vet.zu.edu.eg
Sobhy
El Maghawry
Animal Medicine Department, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
sobhy.mohamed@vet.zu.edu.eg
10.21608/zvjz.2020.20416.1088
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em> and <em>Lactobacillus casei</em> on some ruminal and biochemical parameters in sixty healthy fattening calves in a private dairy farm at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Three groups were included in the experiment, each contains 20 calves. The first Group (G1) served as a control that received a basal diet as total mixed ration. The second (G2) and the third (G3) Groups received the same ration in addition to <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em> and <em>Lactobacillus casei</em>, respectively, both were added by 5 g per head per day for three months experiment. Blood samples were collected monthly for three times. The results demonstrated that supplementation of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em> casei to calves’ feed improved fecal, respiratory and locomotors scores. They increased the ruminal contraction (3.66 ±0.33/2 minutes), protozoal population and activity and total volatile fatty acids (87.66 ±1.45 mmol/L). On the other hand, both supplements reduced the ruminal ammonia concentration (25.16 ±1.12 mmol/L), but ruminal juice pH was elevated in case of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em> (6.53 ±0.06) and stabilized in case of <em>Lactobacillus casei </em>supplementation. <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em> casei significantly increased serum levels of β-hydroxy butyric acid (0.29 ± 0.02 mmol/L) while decreased level of non-esterified fatty acids (1.80 ±0.15 mmol/L and 1.81 ±0.14 mmol/L, respectively). Aspartate transferase showed significant reduction in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em>(57.0 ±21.4 U/L)and<em> Lactobacillus casei </em>(68.66 ±9.49 U/L) supplemented groups, while alanine transferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase showed only reduction (10.33 ±13.83 U/L and 9.06 ±0.88 U/L, respectively) in <em>Lactobacillus</em> casi supplemented group. There was a significant increase in reduced glutathione GSHand glutathione peroxidase GPX in G2 and G3, while Malone dialdehyde MDA of G2 and G3 showed insignificant reduction in comparison with G1. Weight gain was significantly improved in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup></em> supplemented group compared with <em>Lactobacillus</em> casei and control ones. The results suggested that supplementation of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae <sup>1026</sup> </em>and<em> Lactobacillus casei </em>to fattening calves feed has a positive impact on calves' general health and their weight gain.
Saccharomyces,lactobacillus,rumen,fattening calves
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99459.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99459_590e6831098d716576d5fdbcd1ec6ad7.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Effect of Moderate Treadmill Exercise on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats
165
173
EN
Mohamed
Hamada
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
mmzhamada@gmail.com
Safaa
khater
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
safaa_khater83@yahoo.com
Amany
Behairy
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
amanybehairy25688@gmail.com
Reham
Behairy
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
sohahabdallah@gmail.com
Ahmed
Arisha
0000-0002-1330-6311
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
vetahmedhamed@gmail.com
Shimaa
I.
Shalaby
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
siabdallah@zu.edu.eg
10.21608/zvjz.2020.17092.1083
Several and complex factors cause accumulation of large amounts of body fat as well as a disparity between energy intake and output. Generally, any increase in bodyweight can be attributed to the elevation in daily food intake and the reduction in energy expenditure. Several functions could be achieved by moderate exercise including maintaining an optimum body weight and muscle mass, lowering abdominal fat and increasing lipid catabolism. However, the exact molecular mechanisms involved remain understudied. Our study was designed mainly to evaluate the influence of moderate treadmill exercise on body metabolism with special reference to hepatic lipid metabolism. Twenty adult male <em>Sprague Dawley </em>rats weighting 200±20 gm were randomly assigned to either sedentary or exercised groups. The exercise protocol lasted for 20 mins/ 5 times / week along 4 weeks. Although no significant changes in body weight, insulin and corticosterone levels, there was a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose and serum leptin levels (81.06%and 75.49% respectively). The current exercise regime significantly increased serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) level (127.56%) and significantly decreased serum triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c) levels (75.50%, 62.83% and 74.48% respectively). Also, treadmill exercise significantly upregulated the hepatic expression of acetyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) and carnitine palmitoyl CoA transferase 1 (CPT1) (173% and 148% respectively) as well as significantly downregulated the hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (52%) but not fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA expression. Overall, these results suggest a beneficial effect of moderate treadmill exercise hepatic lipid metabolism.
Treadmill exercise,ACC,Fas,ACO,CPT1
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99461.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99461_adb59a4acff5799b04b82e6f45f62629.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Molecular Identification of Some Respiratory Pathogens from Broiler Chickens in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
174
188
EN
Mohamed
M.
Megahed
Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
Ibrahim
A.
Ghanem
Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
pprofghanem@yahoo.com
Ashraf
H.
Hussein
Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
ashrafhamed1@yahoo.com
Walaa
S.
Abdelaziz
Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
walaaabdelaziz80@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2020.20584.1091
In this study, we investigated the prevelance of avian influenza virus (AIV) (subtypes H5 and H9), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (ND) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) incriminated in respiratory troubles among chicken broilers at different localities in Sharkia Governorate during 2013-2017 outbreaks. Out of 53 broiler flocks, 225 chickens showing respiratory manifestations were examined. Viral isolation from respiratory tissues, serological and molecular identification were done. Based on hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, for 42 positive haemagglutinating allantoic fluids, the prevalence of NDV and AIV (H9 and H5 subtypes) was 64.3%, 45.3%and 2,4% respectively. Two diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used. Based on TaqMan probe base real-time PCR, 17/19, 10/42 and 1/42 flocks were confirmed to be infected with IBV, AIV subtype H9 and H5 respectively. Moreover, conventional PCR amplification for detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in 25 flocks was performed and revealed 56% (14/25) positive flocks. Subsequently, amplified products of three <em>M. gallisepticum</em> representative isolates were sequenced and phylogenitically analyzed with other strains on GenBank. The results revealed that the three examined isolates were wild type (field isolates).We could conclude that there were continuous circulation of different respiratory agents (viral (NDV, AIVH9 & H5, and IBV) and bacterial (MG) in broiler flocks in Sharkia Governorate either as single or mixed infection although wide using of different vaccination regimes and antibiotics so early diagnosis of these pathogens is considered the most effective tool in prevention and control of diseases.
Broilers, AIV subtype H5, H9, HI, Real-time PCR, M. gallisepticum,Moderate exercise
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99482.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99482_e9819f878e6c43961b4d30e955022219.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Reproprotective Effects of Moderate Exercise in Male Rats Doped with Testosterone Enanthate
189
198
EN
Youssef
Shehata
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
shehatayou50@gmail.com
Safaa
khater
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
safaa_khater83@yahoo.com
Hagar
El-Bayomi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
khairy84@yahoo.com
El-Ayadi
El-Abed
Faculty of Public Health, Sabratha University, Sabratha, Libya
Ahmed
Arisha
0000-0002-1330-6311
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
vetahmedhamed@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2020.16479.1079
A total of forty adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were used to study the ameliorative effects of moderate exercise on reproductive function in male rats doped with a high dose of anabolic steroids. Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups; sedentary, sedentary doped (I/M 25 mg/kg BW per week), moderately exercised (20 minutes/day for five days every week along one month) and moderately exercised doped groups. The results clarified that the moderate exercise significantly increased sperm motility (91.67%±1.67); live sperm and sperm count percentages (93.33%±1.67 & 115.33%±7.51 respectively) and lowered sperm abnormalities (11.0±3.61). On contrary, doping induced via testosterone administrations in both sedentary and moderately exercised rats significantly decreased the previously mentioned sperm parameters (63.33%±3.33, 53.33%±3.33 & 65.33%±9.45 respectively) while increasing sperm abnormalities (53.33±11.50); although amelioration via exercise was noticed in these parameters. Serum free testosterone levels were significantly increased with both sedentary doped or moderately exercised doped groups. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly elevated with moderate exercise (52.05±6.67, 39.25±7.09 and 69.17±7.69 respectively). While, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased with doping of male rats (86.5±9.99). Furthermore, StAr gene expression was significantly (P≤0.01) up-regulated with moderate exercise and significantly (P≤0.01) down-regulated with doping of male rats. In addition, HSD17B3 gene expression was significantly (P≤0.01) up-regulated in both moderately exercise and moderately exercise doped groups. On contrary, HSD17B3 gene expression was significantly (P≤0.01) down-regulated in sedentary doped group Overall, these results suggest a beneficial and protective effect of moderate treadmill exercise on male fertility especially in steroid abuse models.
Testosterone enanthate,Doping,StAr,HSD17B3,Moderate exercise
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99590.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99590_261e1313104d5eb1abcd97768ff50ee2.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
The Critical Nutraceutical Role of Pumpkin Seeds in Human and Animal Health: An Updated Review
199
212
EN
Mohamed
Dowidar
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
dowidarfahmi@gmail.com
Amany
Ahmed
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
drmonmon_vet@yahoo.com
Hanaa
Mohamed
0000-0001-7446-6143
Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
h.7mmad4288@gmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2020.22530.1097
Publicity of pumpkins in traditional medicine for relieving diverse disturbances such as hypertension, arthritis, hyperglycemia, inflammation, dyslipidemia, fungal or bacterial infections, tumors, and intestinal parasites made a highlight for more research on pumpkin fruits as well as seeds. Multiple studies have been fulfilled on animal models, clinical trials or cell cultures to assess these medicinal activities. Pumpkin is admitted for its ingested seeds, fruits, and greens. Pumpkin seeds are enhanced by micro- and macro-constituent compositions include proteins, antioxidative phenolic compounds, tocopherols, triterpenes, saponins, phytosterols, lignans, and carotenoids; among these compounds: D-chiro-inositol, trigonelline, and nicotinic acid, those are reflected as insulin action mediators. Pumpkin seeds are also fortified with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), fibers, vitamins, and minerals including zinc, iron, magnesium, calcium, manganese, and copper, thus pumpkin seeds have become commonly used as health booster or herbal therapy for human as well as animals, and the food technologists have conquered the commercial food and alternative medicine sectors with pumpkin products. Furthermore, Food companies intend to exploit pumpkin seeds in the starters and snacks industry. This review article provides an update on the therapeutic impacts of pumpkin seeds and mechanisms by which they may limit the risk of diseases.
Pumpkin seed oil,phytosterols,antioxidant,Anthelmintic,pumpkin waste,livestock feed
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99592.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99592_1c92b7a53daf5836984a802c07a2c3b6.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
48
2
2020
06
01
Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves Extract -SeNPs Conjugate Administration on Testicular Toxicity Induced by Melamine in Rats
213
227
EN
Mohamed
Mansour
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
mafouad@zu.edu.eg
Ahmed
Arisha
0000-0002-1330-6311
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
vetahmedhamed@gmail.com
Mohamed
AlGamal
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
gamalvet43@gmail.com
Ahmed
Elsayed
Department of Photochemistry, Industrial Chemical Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
ahmedarisha001@gmail.com
Saydat
Saad
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
raniafoaud001@gmail.com
Khlood
El Bohi
Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
elbohi_khlood@hotmail.com
10.21608/zvjz.2020.20447.1089
This work was designed to evaluate the role of selenium nanoparticles loadedon<em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaves extract (MOLE-SeNPs conjugate) on the testicular toxicity induced by melamine in rats. Forty male Albino rats of 10 weeks old were assigned to four groups; control group, group 2; SeNPs group (0.5 mg/kg BW orally) for 6 weeks, group 3; melamine (800 mg/kg BW orally) for 6 weeks and group 4; melamine followed by MOLE-SeNPs conjugate (200 mg/kg BW orally) for 6 weeks. Reproductive parameters; sex steroid hormonal level, molecular analysis of the transcriptional levels of steroidogenic enzymes and testicular histopathology were evaluated. In the melamine (MA) group, significant decrease in the semen quality, testicular weight, gonadosomatic index, FSH, LH, free testosterone and total testosterone were detected in comparison to the control group, however, estradiol (E2) level was significantly elevated )187.45%) in comparison to the control group. These parameters were significantly reversed in the MOLE-SeNPs conjugate group. Moreover, a significant decrease (45.21% and 23.75%) was detected in steroidogenic enzyme genes (CYP11A1 and HSD17B3) in the MA group than in the control one (<em>P</em> < 0.05). However, the transcriptional level of aromatase gene (CYP19A1) showed a significant increase (171.28%) in testicular tissue in comparison to the control group. The MO-SeNPs conjugate treatment increased the expression of CYP11A1 and HSD17B3 genes in testicular tissue but the transcriptional level of aromatase gene (CYP19A1) showed a significant decrease in comparison with the melamine group. The levels of testicular antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) showed a significant decrease in the MA group than the control group. These changes were meaningfully increased in the MO-SeNPs conjugate treated group in comparison to the melamine group. Histopathologically, the testicular tissue indicated improvement of injury in the concurrent MA+ MO-SeNPs conjugate group in comparison to MA group. In conclusion, MO-SeNPs conjugate can ameliorate the toxic impacts of melamine on testicular tissue in rats mainly via affecting the steroidogenic pathway.
Moringa oleifera leaves,Selenium nanoparticles,melamine,testicular toxicity,Steroidogenesis,and semen picture
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99596.html
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_99596_95eec23504eeb0f9292fe3e135eac89a.pdf