eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
1
8
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7826
7826
Original Article
Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated from Sheep and Goats Suffering from Caseous Lymphadenitis
Abdelazeem Algammal
immunologist222@yahoo.com
1
Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Caseous lymphadenitis is a highly prevalent worldwide disease of sheep and goats caused by C. pseudotuberculosis, resulting in significant economic losses. In order to investigate the prevalence as well as the molecular characterization of C. pseudotuberculosis and monitoring the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated strains, a total of 126 pus samples were collected aseptically from 80 sheep and 46 goats suffering from abscessation. The collected samples were subjected to bacteriological examination where the prevalence of C. pseudotuberculosis was 43.8% and 36.9% in diseased sheep and goats, respectively. The antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out using disc diffusion method, most of the isolates were resistant to penicillin (96.2%) and erythromycine (92.3%), highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin (96.2%), amikacin (90.4%) and neomycin (88.5%). Polymerase chain reaction was applied on 30 C. pseudotuberculosis isolates for the amplification and detection of both 16S rRNA and the RNA polymerase β-subunit gene (rpoB) genes to confirm the diagnosis of the isolates. The results revealed that all the tested isolates were positive for both genes. In conclusion, the incorporation of both phenotypic and genotypic characterization of C.pseudotuberculosis is more valuable and accurate for identification of isolates. Moreover, PCR is a fast and specific diagnostic tool used for the genetic analysis of C. pseudotuberculosis.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7826_44712df875fbd8fa541f03243f155894.pdf
Caseous lymphadenitis
C. pseudotuberculosis
16S rRNA
rpoB
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
9
20
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7827
7827
Original Article
Biological and Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus Circulating in Chicken Flocks, Egypt, During 2014-2015
Mohamed Abd El Aziz
mdvet2006@gmail.com
1
Hatem Abd El-Hamid
2
Hany Ellkany
3
Soad Nasef
4
Sherif Nasr
5
Ahmed El Bestawy
6
Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
Animal Health Research Institute, National Lab. of Vet. Quality Control On Poultry Production (NLQP), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
Poultry and Fish Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
Newcastle disease (ND), a highly contagious disease, is responsible for disturbing disease outbreaks in poultry flocks worldwide. This study was carried out to isolate and characterize the circulating Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) strains in different chicken flocks (broilers, commercial egg layers and breeders) in four Egyptian governorates (Gharbia, El Behera, Dakahlia and Kafer EL Shiekh) during 2014 and 2015. Forty-eight suspected NDV infected flocks were examined clinically and used for virus isolation and characterization. The mortality rates among the examined flocks were 5-85 %. The deduced amino acid sequences of F protein gene revealed that four NDV isolates possessed the motif 112 R/K-R-Q-K/RR116at the C-terminus of the F2 protein and F (phenylalanine) at residue 117, indicating that they are velogenic genotype. The present study revealed the circulation of NDV class II genotype VII in Egyptian chicken flocks.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7827_8dc9f573f7042f2770c2cb19b0249ec1.pdf
Newcastle disease
genotype VII
F protein
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
21
28
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7828
7828
Original Article
Radiographic Examination of Rabbit Foeti Under the Effect of Hypervitaminosis A
Ahmed Omar
amesaomar@yahoo.com
1
El-Sayed Basha
2
Salah El-dein Ahmed
3
Mohamed Aref
abdelazizanatomy11@gmail.com
4
Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Fifteen full term rabbit foeti representing control and four treated groups (three from each group) were inspected by X-rays device at dorsoventral, ventrodorsal and bilateral views to assess the normal developmental process of the skeleton (control group) and skeletal malformations after excess dosage of vitamin A (treated groups). There were ossification centers represented by two radiolucent lines extending along the vertebral column as well as two radiolucent spots representing the ossification centers in the pelvis in all groups. The secondary ossification centers of the extremities were radiographically investigated in the proximal and distal extremities of humerus, femur and proximal extremity of tibia. Incomplete fusion, leaving an epiphyseal line, was found in the proximal and distal epiphyses of long bones. The results of our study provide a schematic atlas of normal examinations of the rabbit skeleton and its ossification centers. Such findings are useful in the interpretation of any cross- sectional pictures in this species and elucidate the impact of hypervitaminosis A on skeletal development.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7828_ceb3673f1f819c5174cf6a8a2de098d4.pdf
Radiography
Rabbits
Hypervitaminosis A
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
29
39
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7829
7829
Original Article
Detection of Tilmicosin Residues by HPLC and its Effect on Cardiac Enzymes and Hematology in Broiler Chickens
Ahmed Said
1
Sameh El-Nabtity
2
Abdulla Selim
3
Mai Fadel
dr.mai87@yahoo.com
4
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
The aim of the present study was to detect the tilmicosin residues in muscles, kidneys and liver of broiler chickens and to investigate its impact on both cardiac enzymes and some hematological parameters. Seventy broiler chickens were divided into two groups; the first was left as a negative control. The second group was given tilmicosin orally (30 mg/kg BW) once/day for three successive days. Reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with UV detector at 287 nm and solid phase extraction were used for detecting drug residues in tissue samples. Results indicated a widespread distribution of tilmicosin in most tested tissues. All tissue samples were considered tilmicosin free at the 9th day after the last oral dose except liver. Tilmicosin elicited a significant reduction in red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, lymphocytes and eosinophiles. On the other hand, heterophiles count and the mean corpuscular volume were increased significantly. White blood cells, monocytes, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration showed non-significant changes. Levels of all cardiac enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase-MB and Troponin I) were high.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7829_562469983d8b3386c6b85d8dd8d5ad72.pdf
Tilmicosin Residues
hematological parameters
Cardiac enzymes
broiler
HPLC
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
40
47
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7830
7830
Original Article
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Charcoal Grilled Meat (Kebab) and Kofta and the Effect of Marinating on their Existence
Elsaid Eldaly
1
Mohamed Hussein
2
Ahmed El-Gaml
3
Dalia El-hefny
4
Mohammed Mishref
mishref17vet@yahoo.com
5
Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Mansoura Lab, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
Pesticides Residue Department, Central Pesticides Lab., Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Mansoura Lab, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
Sixty samples of non-marinated and marinated charcoal grilled meat (Kebab) and Kofta (30, each) were analyzed for the existence of 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene, Acenaphthene, Fluorine, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Fluranthene, Chrysene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene and Benzo(g,h,i)perylene by using Gas Chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector GC/FID. The obtained results declared that Anthracene, Fluranthene, Chrysene, Benzo(a)anthracene and Benzo(a)pyrene were detected in 40%, 20%, 100%, 60% and 40% of the examined non-marinated charcoal grilled Kebab with a mean concentration values of 18.2 ± 11.2,57 ± 28.59, 18.6 ± 1.69, 16.8 ± 7.0 and 9.2 ± 5.67 μg/kg, respectively. Benzo(a)anthracene and Benzo(a)pyrene were only found in 100% and 40% in the examined non-marinated charcoal grilled Kofta with a mean concentration values of 33.2 ± 4 and 26 ± 16 μg/kg, respectively. The total concentration values of the existed PAHs in the examined non-marinated charcoal grilled Kebab and Kofta were 119.8 ± 54.15 and 59.2 ± 16.9 μg/kg, respectively. It was observed that meat marinating for four hours before its charcoal grilling had a high effect on the existence of PAHs where the total concentration values of PAHs in marinated Kebab and Kofta were reduced to 57.93 ± 2.77 and 30.2 ± 5.89 μg/kg with reduction percentages of 51.6% and 49%, respectively. In addition, some types of existed PAHs in non-marinated meat were undetected (100% reduction) after marinating and charcoal grilling such as Fluranthene and Benzo(a)pyrene. Thus indicating that marinating of meat prepared for charcoal grilling will greatly reduce the most hazardous carcinogenic PAHs compound such as Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) resulting in more safe charcoal grilled meat for human consumption.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7830_1748edd3be076030f5c3f79d5c970fe4.pdf
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
meat
Marinating
grilling
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
48
55
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7831
7831
Original Article
Immunological and Biochemical Profiles of Tilmicosin in Rabbits
Ahmed Said
1
Abdel-Alim Abdel-Alim
2
Sameh El-Nabtity
3
Manal Eldin
4
Mai Fadel
dr.mai87@yahoo.com
5
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Reproduction Research Institute, Al Haram, Giza, Egypt
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tilmicosin on rabbit immunity after daily subcutaneous (S.C) injection for 3 successive days. Fifteen New Zealand male rabbits were divided into 3 groups; the first group was left as a control, the second was non treated vaccinated against pasteurellosis (1 mL S.C in the skin fold of the back of the rabbit), while, the third was vaccinated and treated by tilmicosin in a dose of 10 mg/kg BW daily for 3 days. Whole blood and serum samples were collected from each rabbit on 1st ,3rd ,9th ,14th ,21st and 28th days post drug administration to determine some immunological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological examination of liver, kidneys and heart of all groups was also carried out. The results revealed that tilmicosin elicited a significant increase in B-lymphocytes, nitric oxide production by macrophages and lysozyme activity of the serum. Meanwhile, the drug had no significant changes on alanine aminotransferase enzyme (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme (AST) levels (liver enzymes). On the 21st day ALT showed significant decrease. Moreover; there were no significant changes on urea and creatinine levels (kidney functions) when compared with control group. Histopathological findings of the vaccinated and treated groups showed lesion score from 1st and 2nd degree. It could be concluded that tilmicosin afforded a good effect on rabbits’ immunity without negative effects on liver and kidney functions.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7831_3da29307bd5ceca35731abae39510f54.pdf
tilmicosin
Pasteurollosis
New Zealand Rabbits
Lysozyme activity
lymphocyte
liver enzymes
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
56
66
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7832
7832
Original Article
Effect of Florfenicol on Hematology, Cardiac Enzymes and its Residues in Broiler Chickens by HPLC
Ahmed Said
1
Sameh El-Nabtity
2
Abdulla Selim
3
Mai Fadel
dr.mai87@yahoo.com
4
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
The current study was conducted on multiple oral doses (40 mg/kg for 3 successive days) of florfenicol (FF) to determine its effect on some hematological parameters, cardiac enzymes and its residues in blood and tissues (liver, muscles and kidneys) of broiler chickens. Seventy broiler chickens were used and divided into two groups, each consisted of 35 birds. The first group was left as a control, while the second was given FF for 3 successive days. The FF residues in tissues were determined using reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detector at 223 nm. Results indicated a widespread distribution of FF in most of the tested tissues. All tissue samples were considered FF free on the 9th day after the last oral dose except liver. Florfenicol administration elicited a significant decrease in all blood parameters (hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell count (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and lymphocytes) from 1st up to 7th day except packed cell volume (PCV) which showed no significant change on 1st day but decreased on 3rd, 5th and 7th day after stopping medication. Moreover, monocytopenia was observed on the 5th and 7th day and white blood cells (WBCs) showed the same effect on the 5th day, while heterophiles revealed highly elevation. All cardiac enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) and Troponin I) were highly elevated. In conclusion, broiler chicken meat can be consumed safely after 9 days post FF treatment.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7832_8f1b0235f566a1a2c3650f6b63fae977.pdf
florfenicol
Broiler Chicken
HPLC Residues
hematological parameters
Cardiac enzymes
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
67
74
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7833
7833
Original Article
Preliminary Study on the Effect of Flunixin Administration on Pharmacokinetics of Cefquinome in Diseased Cattle Calves
Mohamed Saber
mohammedsaid0610@gmail.com
1
Monir Abd-Elhalim
2
Shymaa El-Badawy
3
Aziza Amer
4
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Cefquinome is one of the fourth generations of cephalosporins developed for veterinary use in treatment of respiratory diseases that are considered the second causes of death in calves. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as flunixin (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed with antibacterial agents in multiple drug prescriptions. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of co-administration of flunixin on the disposition kinetics of cefquinome after intramuscular injection in 10 diseased calves (Pasturella heamolytica infected). Cefquinome was injected in a single dose (2 mg/kg BW) in 5 diseased calves alone and coupled with flunixin (1mg/kg BW) in the other 5 diseased calves. Blood samples (5 mL) were collected from the right jugular vein of each calve immediately before treatment and at intervals of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h (5 days) after cefquinome administration. The obtained samples were assayed with the plate microbiological assay method using Sarcina lutea (ATCC 9341) as test organism. The plasma cefquinome concentration at 5 min after intramuscular injection of cefquinome alone and coupled with flunixin was 0.27 ± 0.05 μg/mL and 0.35 ± 0.12 μg/mL, respectively and reached the highest concentration (1.02 ± 0.12 μg/mL and 1.02 ± 0.08 μg/mL) at 1 h, respectively. The obtained data showed no significant effect of coupled administration of flunixin with cefquinome on either concentration or peak concentration of cefquinome in plasma of diseased calves. It is concluded that flunixin can be used successfully with cefquinome in treatment of bacterial respiratory diseases associated with inflammation in calves.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7833_900ce111f3dc00a6811a880704e54016.pdf
Flunixin
cefquinome
Pharmacokinetics
Diseased Calves
Plat Microbiological Assay
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
75
84
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7834
7834
Original Article
Studies on Beneficial Yeasts Isolated from Some Egyptian Dairy Products
Samah AbdElatif
dokmoha2010@yahoo.com
1
Magdy Elsayed
2
Ali Bahout
3
Mohamed Bayoumi
4
Food control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University,44511, Egypt
Food control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University,44511, Egypt
Food control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University,44511, Egypt
Food control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University,44511, Egypt
Yeasts constitute large groups of microorganisms that are recently attracting attention of industry and scientists. Different biological activities make them favorable candidates for numerous applications not limited to the food sector. The aim of this study was to examine beneficial yeasts associated with some traditional Egyptian dairy products and to evaluate their microbiological and technological properties. One hundred samples of locally produced yoghurt, Kariesh, Domiatti and Mish cheeses were collected from different localities at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Seventy-seven (77%) of the examined samples were positive for the presence of yeasts. Kariesh cheese had the highest total yeast count compared with other examined dairy products. From these positive samples, a total of 154 yeast isolates were screened for their antibacterial activities against the common foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). Yeast isolates showing highest antibacterial activity were identified and then investigated for some technological properties (growth ability at different temperature, low pH and different NaCl conditions). Only 30 strains corresponding to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Debaryomyces hansenii and Candida zeylanoides were found to be effective against S. aureus and/ or E. coli strains. These strains have also technological properties that allow them attractive for use in food industry and for further evaluation.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7834_85121186ccab122249f7bd9a400664ff.pdf
yeasts
antimicrobial activity
probiotic
Technological properties
eng
Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
2357-075X
2016-03-01
44
1
85
90
10.21608/zvjz.2016.7835
7835
Original Article
Some Immunomodulating Effects of Diclazuril in New Zealand Rabbits
Gamal El-Din Shams
1
Abdel-Alim Abdel-Alim
2
Nagah Edrees
3
Abeer Hossny
abeerhosny26@yahoo.com
4
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
This study was conducted to investigate the immunomodulating effects of the diclazuril anticoccidial drug (1mg/kg BW) given orally for 5 successive days to rabbits vaccinated with rabbit haemorrhagic viral disease (RHVD). Two blood samples were collected at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days post drug and vaccine administration to study the effect of diclazuril on the innate immune response (phagocytic activity, serum lysozyme activity and nitric oxide production) and the humoral immune response (serum total proteins, serum albumins, determination of serum globulins and gamma globulins fractions using electrophoretic technique). The results revealed that diclazuril had adverse effect on both the innate and humoral immune response as evidenced by a significant decrease in phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide production, serum total proteins, globulins and gamma globulins in rabbits. Therefore, diclazuril is not recommended as a chemotherapeutic agent for rabbits.
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7835_fadc78f50f72b867c5af16fb4fdfbd66.pdf
diclazuril
cellular
Humoral
Immune
serum proteins