@article { author = {Abd El Tawab, Ashraf and Ammar, Ahmed and Ahmed, Heba A. and Hefny, Ahmed A.}, title = {Macrolides and Fluoroquinolones Resistance Mechanisms in Campylobacters and their Incidence in Egypt; a Review Article}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {1-19}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28652}, abstract = {Campylobacter species are primarily zoonotic pathogens and recognized as a major cause of human illnesses. Poultry, especially, chicken is the main reservoir of Campylobacter species. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in prophylaxis and treatment of animals caused an increase in antibiotic resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones (FQ) which are considered the drugs of choice for treatment of Campylobacter infection. Recently, studies suggested that multidrug efflux systems have the main role in lowering the efficacy of new and old antibiotics. Consequently, efforts are made to find suitable substances to reverse the action of the efflux pumps and prevent antimicrobial resistance. The substances used for evaluation of efflux pumps modulation are either efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) or efflux pump inducers. The different types of EPIs; phenylalanine arginyl β-naphthylamide, verapamil and phenothiazines, of different mode of actions were used to suppress the activity of different types of efflux pumps. Aspirin, a drug in livestock and poultry, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, which  induces non-heritable resistance of different bacteria to multiple antibiotics. Moreover, it also increases campylobacter resistance to antimicrobials. Alpha-tocopherol represents a new alternative approach against bacterial resistance. It shows modulatory activity on efflux system, showing clinically relevant results. Therefore, it is important to study different resistance mechanisms of campylobacters.}, keywords = {Campylobacter spp,Antibiotic resistance,Efflux Pump Inhibitors,α-tocopherol}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28652.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28652_1282504a228fbf6c13d3785c8011e3d1.pdf} } @article { author = {Omar, Mohamed A.E. and Hassan, Fardos A.M. and Shahin, Sara E.}, title = {Economic Assessment of Various Levels of Protein and Energy in Pigeon Squabs Diet}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {20-30}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28653}, abstract = {This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nine diets through the application of 3×3 randomized design which included three levels of energy (2600, 2800 and 3000 Kcal/kg) with 3 supplemental protein levels (14, 16 and 18%) on growth performance, blood parameters, carcass yields and economic efficiency of Baladi pigeon squabs from 28 days old until 6 months of age (age of sexual maturity). A total of 135 pairs of squabs were randomly and independently allocated to the nine dietary treatments, each containing 15 pairs (3 replicate of 5 pairs). The diets were formulated in mash form fortified with vitamin and mineral premix. Moreover, feed and water were provided for ad-libitum consumption. The results showed that, squabs fed higher energy and crude protein diets (3000 ME+16% CP) had higher live body weight with a coincident significant decrease of the feed intake (P<0.0001). In addition, dressing (%), breast and thigh meat yield (%) increased significantly with increasing levels of both energy and protein, where they hit the peak values in squabs fed on 3000 ME+16% CP diet. Furthermore, increasing energy levels did not affect serum proteins (albumin and globulin), urea and uric acid. However, it had a significant positive effect on serum lipids (cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein). In terms of economic analysis, 3000 ME+16% CP diet revealed the lowest cost per Kg live weight of birds 81.87 L.E per pair, along with the highest economic return 110.3 L.E per pair and net profit 10.43 L.E per pair. In conclusion, squabs can efficiently utilize diet containing high energy (3000 Kcal/kg) and crude protein (16%) diets, consequently, it can be used to optimize their growth performance and maintain the maximum economic return}, keywords = {Pigeons growth performance,crude protein,Metabolic Energy,Economics of squabs}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28653.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28653_03fecf7de5f6f09b02515bab408424e8.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammed, Hesham}, title = {The Potential Effect of Circadian Rhythms and Lighting Duration on Behavior and Growth Performance of Quails under Egyptian Condition}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {31-36}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29238}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to observe and record the changes in behaviors and performance of Japanese quails "Coturnix japonica" due to circadian rhythms and different light duration. A total of 220 Japanese quail chicks were used and distributed to two experiments (the circadian rhythms (100 birds) and the lighting duration study (120 birds). The behaviors were recorded by direct observation and video recording. The results showed significant differences in the most recorded behaviors among the different day times, especially in video recording. The ingestive and kinetic behaviors were significantly higher at morning, while the resting behavior was the highest in mid-day. Comfort behavior was significantly lower at morning than other times. The light duration had significant effects on ingestive and kinetic behaviors. It was highest in 24 hours of light duration. While, the dust-bathing was significantly higher in 14 (2.9) than 24 hours of light duration (1.74). Quails growth performance did not reveal significant differences between quails kept in 14 and 24 hours of light duration. It was concluded that, the quails on different day times and lighting duration showed significant difference on the normal behavior}, keywords = {Quail,Behavior,Lighting Duration,Circadian Rhythms}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29238.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29238_fd255648b87dcbc120c4c503dcd7dfca.pdf} } @article { author = {Hamouda, Esraa E. and Mohamed, Nagi A.A. and Eid, Amal and Ismail, Abdelshakour N.A. and El-Sisi, Mohamed A. and Hassanin, Ola A.A. and Abou-Hashem, Naser A.}, title = {Utilization of RT-PCR and Restriction Enzyme Analysis in Detection and Differentiation of Pigeon Paramyxovirus-1 and Newcastle Disease Virus in Pigeons}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {37-47}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29239}, abstract = {Fifty-one pigeon houses from both commercial lofts and backyard of different ages and breeds were investigated for incrimination of pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1) and/ or Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) during 2013-2015. The results of clinical examination revealed nervous signs (wing paralysis, head tremors, torticollis, opisthotonos and leg paralysis), greenish diarrhea, and respiratory signs, with variable mortalities. The gross lesions included congestion and hemorrhage in brain; nephrosis and/ or nephritis in kidneys, ulcer in intestine and mucoid enteritis. Virus isolation via chicken embryo inoculation revealed embryo congestion and hemagglutination (HA) activity of harvested allantoic fluids were detected 41 samples (80.39%) with HA titers ranging from 26- 210. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) results of the same isolates against PPMV-1 and NDV hyper immune sera which prepared in rabbits (1:5dilution) varied from 23 – 210   in 38 virus isolates. The allantoic fluids of 41 haemaglutinating virus isolates were subjected to Reverse transcriptase polymeraze chain reaction (RT-PCR), Thirty-eight isolates evidenced successful products for partial amplification of fusion protein gene of NDV and PPMV-1 at 356 bp using specific primers.  Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using   a set of three enzymes; HhaI, MspI and MboI. revealed that 9 strains (mesogenic / lentogenic PPMV-1), 27(mesogenic / lentogenic NDV), one velogenic strain for PPMV-1 and the other was NDV. MDT value in ECE revealed 72 ± 0.0 and 62.4±5.89 indicating that both isolates could be mesogenic. It could be concluded that both NDV and PPMV-1 are co- circulating among pigeons and causing economical losses. Rt-PCR followed by RFLP can be useful rapid tools for detection and identification of both viruses. Beside, in the view of the failure of adopted   prophylactic vaccination, both LaSota and Inactivated PPMV-1 vaccines must be included to overcome the impact of aforementioned disease problems in pigeons}, keywords = {PPMV-1,NDV,Pigeons,PCR,differentiation,RFLP}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29239.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29239_f9b3b2b5e17e789b072615ca459d180e.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Heba and Gharieb, Rasha M. and Mohamed, Mohamed E.M. and Amin, Magda A. and Mohamed, Rehab E.}, title = {Bacteriological and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Species Isolated from Humans and Chickens in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {48-61}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29240}, abstract = {This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella species in 690 different samples collected from Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The samples comprised of chicken meat, organs, eggs, cloacal swabs and wooden surface swabs from pluck shop outlets and hand swabs from workers. In addition, stool swabs from patients with gastroenteritis attending the Outpatient Clinics at Zagazig and Abo-Hammad cities. Salmonella spp. were detected in 5.9%, 2.6%, 4.2%, 10.4%, 10% and 10% of chicken meat, organs, egg shell, cloacal swabs, surface swabs and hand swabs, respectively. The isolation rate from stool swabs was 0.8%. Biochemical Identification revealed that Salmonella spp. were identified in 129 out of 690 examined samples (18.7%). Meanwhile, molecular identification using invA gene revealed that only 29 Salmonella isolates were detected (4.2%). S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis were identified from different samples with the percentages of 1.2 and 1.01, respectively. The other identified Salmonella serovars were S. Newport (0.9%), S. Kentucky (0.7%), and S. Infantis (0.4%). Virulence associated genes including avrA, hilA and pef were identified in 100, 91.3 and 10.3% of the examined isolates. In conclusion, a proportion of chicken carcasses and giblets sold in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt was contaminated with Salmonella spp. including potentially virulent S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, posing risk for human consumers. }, keywords = {Salmonella,Serotyping,PCR,avrA,hilA,pef}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29240.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29240_5384ef8922d8ffa17d366b3d5bf317c4.pdf} } @article { author = {Kandeel, Ali E. and Abdraboh, Mahmoud A. and Abd El Aal, Abd El- Basit M. and Ezzeldein, Shimaa A.}, title = {Evaluation of Carbon Fiber and Bovine Pericardium Implantation in Tenorrhaphy of Common Calcanean Tendon Rupture in Goats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {62-71}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29241}, abstract = {Common calcanean tenorrhaphy was carried out on right hind limbs of 18 goats after removal of two cm segment from the tendon using linen (nylon) No. one and locking loop suture pattern alone (group I) or together with carbon fibers implantation (group II) or with bovine pericardial flap (group III). Surgery was done under epidural analgesia and the tibiotarsal joint of the operated limb was immobilized using cortical screw 3.5mm with application of full limb plaster cast. Post-operative healing of the tendon was monitored through clinical observation, ultra-sonographic, macroscopic and microscopic examinations at intervals (3, 9, 12 weeks) post operatively. With the use of bovine pericardial flap, the operated animals showed earlier improvement compared with the others. Bovine pericardial flap also induced early tendon healing and better organization of tendon fibers.}, keywords = {Common Calcanean Tendon Rupture,Tenorrhaphy,goats,Bovine Pericardium}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29241.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29241_acc177df7c986b5243ac75c24eee59ac.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Seham M. and El-Eraky, Wafaa. A. and Al- Gamal, Mahmoud. F.}, title = {Effects of feeding Aloe Vera Leaves Powder on Performance, Carcass and Immune Traits of Broiler Chickens}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {72-78}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29242}, abstract = {The current study was carried out to study the effect of dietary supplementation with Aloe Vera leaves powder (AVLP) as natural feed additives on growth performance, carcass characteristics and immune response of broiler chickens. Ross unsexed one day old (75 gm) broiler chicks (n=90) were randomly divided into five experimental groups; each group with three replicates (18 chicks/group; 6 chicks/replicate). Diets supplemented with AVLP at rates of 0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 % and the last group supplemented with antibiotic (Oxytetracyclin 1 g/kg diet) for 42 days. Body weights and feed residues were monitored weekly. At the end of the trial, three birds/group were euthanized and then blood samples were collected, moreover carcass dressing and visceral organs were collected and weighed. Results revealed that AVLP had no significant (P>0.05) effects on growth performance of broiler chicken. All treated groups showed non-significant (P>0.05) effect on internal organ weights and carcass traits. Diets supplemented with 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 % of AVLP stimulate the immunity by increasing the phagocytic capacity and antibody titre against Newcastle disease virus when compared with the control group. These results indicated that addition of AVLP in broiler chicken’s diets has no adverse effects on growth performance beside it improves the humoral and the cellular immunity}, keywords = {Aloe Vera Leaves Powder,broiler,performance,carcass,immunity}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29242.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29242_89015432973a80bbff07e488b0b4f554.pdf} } @article { author = {Gado, Hossam A.A. and Eid, Amal A.M. and Ghanem, Ibrahim A. and Moursi, Mohamed K.}, title = {Occurrence of Avian Influenza Virus (H9 subtype) in Broiler and Layer Chickens at Sharkia Governorate}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {79-90}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29243}, abstract = {Avian influenza (AI) is a contagious disease caused by type A influenza viruses. In spite of the mild nature of H9N2 low pathogenic AIV, the virus was isolated from frequent disease outbreaks with high mortality in different parts of the world. In this study, forty-two layer and broiler chicken farms (21/each) suspected to be infected with AIV of different breeds and ages during 2012 - 2014 were examined at Sharkia Governorate. The occurrence of AI in chickens using HI assay was 40.47%. Subtyping for H9 and H5 subtypes has been done by specific antisera. The H9 was detected in 30.95% and H5 was 9.52%. However, the occurrence of NDV in chickens was 23.80%. The selected seven AIV isolates representing broiler and layer flocks were confirmed by rRT-PCR using primers and probes specific for Matrix gene, H9 gene, H5 gene and H7 gene. Seven isolates were positive for M. gene indicating AI virus detection, and then 6 out of 7 isolates were positive for H9 gene but negative for H5 and H7 genes. The last isolate was positive for H5 gene, negative for H9 and H7 genes.  The phylogenetic analysis for HA gene of the Six H9 AIV isolates showed the placement of the Egyptian viruses within the same lineage of H9N2 viruses that circulated in the region with the parent strain (A/Quail/ Egypt/ 113413v/2011) of G1/97 lineage and other strains that circulating in the Middle East.The circulating H9N2 AIV genetic analysis is pointing to a minor evolution of H9N2 viruses. But at the same time the co-circulation of H5 & H9 subtypes of AIV could be a risk for emergence of new AI viruses. Also, concurrent infection with viral (IBV and NDV) as well as bacterial agents (MG, Salmonella and E. coli) are considered the main cause behind increased mortality in H9N2 positive flocks.}, keywords = {Avian influenza virus,Low pathogenic-H9-Sequencing}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29243.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29243_80164c51ddce7eac74f0b8946bfa1b14.pdf} } @article { author = {Ismail, Ahmed, K. and Abdien, Hanan, M.F. and Hamed, Dalia, M. and El Feil, Wail M.K.}, title = {Prevalence of some Enteric Bacterial Infections Causing Rabbit Enteritis and Attempts to Control Rabbit Coli Enteritis with Phytobiotics}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {91-101}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29244}, abstract = {A field survey was conducted to monitor the prevalence of some enteric bacterial infections incriminated in rabbit enteritis outbreaks. Ninety bacterial isolates were recovered from diseased /or freshly dead rabbits with a history of severe diarrhea representing four farms in El-Sharkia Province. The predominant isolates were E. coli (24.29%), Klebsiella (14%), Proteus miriables (2.33%) and Proteus vulgaris (1.4%). All bacterial isolates were highly sensitive to levofloxacin. Isolated E. coli was later identified by using PCR. Fifty-three recently weaned White New Zealand rabbits were experimentally used to monitor the efficacy of two herbal extracts and probiotics (Healthy gut®; Immuplant plus®) supplementation with/or without enrofloxacin treatment in controlling artificial infection of the pathogenic streptomycin adapted E. coli isolate strain in a rate of (2.5 x 1010 CFU/0.1 mL/ rabbit orally) and improvement of growth parameters. Our results showed that; treatment with two (Healthy gut®; Immuplant plus®) induced an improvement in general health conditions and growth performance parameters with significant decrease in total labeled pathogenic E. coli shedding of infected supplemented group. In addition, this supplementation when followed by treatment with enrofloxacin after E. coli infection refluxed significant reduction of bacterial shedding with improvement of mean body weight and feed conversion ratio when compared with all other treated groups}, keywords = {Rabbit,E. coli,diarrhea,Herbal}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29244.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29244_270a3d0bc49e96930d49c8f02c36e326.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsayed, Hesham and Gharib, Heba S.A.}, title = {Evaluation of Egg Quality of Japanese Quail in Different Housing Systems}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {102-108}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28654}, abstract = {A total of 135 birds of Japanese quails at 5th week of age were divided randomly into three groups housed in galvanized metal cages, pens covered with fine and coarse sawdust for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups, respectively. The results revealed that egg length, egg shape index, shell weight, shell ratio and egg thickness were significantly affected by housing system. The egg produced in fine sawdust group had the highest egg shape index (82.75 %), shell weight (1.69 g), shell ratio (15.88 %) and shell thickness (0.27 mm) with lowest egg length (29.98 mm) in fine sawdust group when compared with other systems. On the other hand, egg weight (11.99 g), egg surface area (22.91 cm2), egg width (25.86 mm) was higher in the cage system with no significant differences. Moreover, the most of internal egg quality was significantly affected by different housing systems, while there were no significant differences in albumin ratio and width, yolk weight and ratio. Threfore, the egg quality (internal and external traits) was better in cage system and deep litter system with fine sawdust in comparison to the deep litter system with coarse sawdust.}, keywords = {housing system,Quail,egg quality}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28654.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28654_40f542a165e805777c5d1495df7c1fb9.pdf} } @article { author = {Fawzi, Elshaima and Elsohaby, Ibrahim}, title = {Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Nematodes and the Role of Allicin in Treatment of Cattle in Sharkia Governorate}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {109-117}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28655}, abstract = {The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) among cattle in Sharkia Governate, Egypt and to determine the efficacy of allicin as a treatment for GIN infection. Fecal samples (n = 113) were collected randomly from cattle at different localities in Sharkia Governate between September 2016 and August 2018. Samples were then examined parasitologically. Overall, GIN were found in 21 (18.6%) of the samples, the highest GIN prevalence was observed in winter (25.6%), while the lowest prevalence was in summer (10.3%). Adult cattle (42.9%) showed higher GIN infection than young calves (23.8%). Further, most of the infected cattle (92.4%) showed a light intensity of infection with GIN. The coproculture of infected fecal samples reveled that, 15 (71.4%) samples have single infection and 6 (28.6%) samples have mixed infection and Trichostrongylus spp. (41.9%) were the most frequently observed GIN, followed by Strongyloides spp. (35.2%), whereas, Cooperia spp. (8.7%) was the less frequently observed GIN. No significant difference (P = 0.78) was observed between using albendazole and allicin for treatment of GIN in cattle. The current study provides new and updated results that may help in the effort to control GIN. Also, this study shows that allicin could be used for treatment and control of GIN in cattle. However, further investigations in the efficacy of allicin in treatment of GIN in cattle and actual dose, are warranted.}, keywords = {Gastrointestinal Nematodes,Allicin,cattle,Egypt}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28655.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28655_e2e5c4379c74aad78dc21cc1e5fe2b2c.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Houseiny, Walaa and El-Murr, Abdelhakeem and El-Sayed, Badawi, M.}, title = {Evaluation of Dietary Inclusion of Mango Kernel Meal and Oat Extract on Performance and Immunity of Oreochromis niloticus}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {118-125}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28656}, abstract = {The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with mango(Mangifera indica) kernel meal (MKM) andoat(Avena sativa) extract (OE) on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters, immune status and protection of Oreochromis niloticus against Aeromonas hydrophila infections. A total of 180 Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings were divided to three experimental groups (each of 60 and each group was divided into four aquaria, 15 fish/aquarium); The first group was   fed the control diet (without any additive) and the second group was fed diet supplemented with MKM, while the third group was fed diet supplemented with OE for 60 days. Growth performance and immunological parameters (lysozyme, immunoglobulin M) were examined at 2 months of age. Fish were challenged by A. hydrophila and the mortality were recorded after 14 days post-challenge. Fish fed diet contained OE had a higher final body weight, body weight gain and body weight gain percentage when compared with other groups. Immunological parameters estimated in this work were significantly improved (P<0.05) in MKM and OE fed groups when compared with the control group. Survivability after 14 days post-challenge was lower in control group (60%) and higher in other dietary groups. In conclusion, MKM and OE improved the growth performance, blood constituents, immune status and enhanced the challenging ability of Oreochromis niloticus against A. hydrophila.}, keywords = {Nile tilapia,Mango Kernel Meal,Avena Sativa Extract,performance,immunity}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28656.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28656_8efa31fea112f49436b0e3cb61d081b0.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmad, Khalifa E. and Abd El-Aziz, Reda M. and Abd El-Emam, Mahran M.}, title = {Ameliorative Effects of Curcumin-Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Conjugate on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Infertility in Male Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {126-132}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28657}, abstract = {on testicular tissue damage induced by the anticancer cyclophosphamide. Seventy adult male albino rats weighing 150±15g were used in this study; 10 of them served as a control and 60 rats were intraperitoneal injected with cyclophosphamide at a dose of 30 mg/kg BW every other alternative day for 14 days. They were subdivided into CP group, CP + Curcumin NPs (15 mg/kg B.W), CP + ZnO NPs (10 mg/kg B.W), CP + Curcumin-ZnO NPs conjugate (10 mg/kg B.W), CP + Curcumin-ZnO NPs conjugate (15 mg/kg BW) and CP + Curcumin-ZnO NPs conjugate (20 mg/kg B.W) group. All treatments were given for 30 days. The results reported that curcumin- ZnO NPs conjugate treatment at doses of 15 and 20 mg/kg BW exhibited significant increase in sperm motility percent, sperm count, testicular antioxidant enzymes activities and serum testosterone and FSH levels and significant decrease in sperm abnormalities percent compared to cyclophosphamide treated rats. It was concluded that curcumin- ZnO NPs conjugate at doses of 15 and 20 mg/kg B.W ameliorate the testicular tissue damage induced by the anticancer cyclophosphamide}, keywords = {cyclophosphamide,Curcumin-ZnO,NPs Conjugate,Oxidative Stress,Rat testes}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28657.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28657_6b0ac3b6ad93231fbcc1362d61fe7a29.pdf} } @article { author = {Shawki, Mohamed M. and Lebdah, Mohamed A. and Shahin, Abeer M. and Nassif, Samir A.}, title = {Some Studies on Swollen Head Syndrome in Broiler Chickens in Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {133-141}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28658}, abstract = {Swollen Head Syndrome (SHS) is a disease of upper respiratory tract affecting broilers and broiler breeders which resulted in inflammatory exudates beneath the skin. SHS has been described as a multi-factorial disease where the initial lesion mainly caused by avian Metapneumo virus (aMPV), while the clinical signs are a consequence of bacterial complications and the severity of the disease depends on environmental factors. This study was planned to detect and try to isolate the etiological agents of SHS from 40 broiler flocks in 3 Egyptian Governorates (Sharkia, Dakahlia and Damietta). The chickens incorporated swollen heads and respiratory manifestations as nasal discharges, coughing, tracheal rales and frothy conjunctivitis from different localities. Samples included trachea and lung tissues, choanal cleft swabs and scraps from sinuses and turbinates. The AMPV subtype B was detected in 5 flocks by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RRT-PCR) -using 2 specific probes for differentiation of subtypes A and B. the AMPV-subtype B was detected with the percentage of 12.5%. Bacterial examination of collected samples revealed presence of mixed infection in some of examined flocks with isolation of E. coli in a percentage of 70%; Proteus mirabilis 40% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25%). In conclusion, to our knowledge, this is the first detection of aMPV among broiler chickens suffering from SHS in Egypt, using RRT-PCR in concurrent bacterial infections with E. coli, P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa.}, keywords = {Swollen Head Syndrome,Broilers,Avian Metapneumo Virus}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28658.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28658_89bbea6568ec67861b6546cac64d68ce.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Hamid, Tamer M. and El-Bayoumi, Khairy M. and El-Tarabany, Mahmoud S. and Sherief, Wafaa R.I.A.}, title = {Genetic Parameters, Breeding Values and Genetic Trends for Some Productive and Reproductive Traits of Holstein Cows in Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {142-154}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28659}, abstract = {This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters (heritability and genetic correlation), breeding value and genetic trends for some productive and reproductive traits of Holstein Friesian cows in Egypt with animal model statistical method. A total of 3400 lactation records collected from 1060 cow's progeny of 99 sires and 691 dams through the period from 1998 to 2010 were used in this study. Results of genetic correlations showed great variability from very high positive to very low negative values. High heritability estimates were recorded for all studied traits with the exception of days in milk, calving interval and days open which revealed low estimates. The ranges of cows breeding values have been found to be higher than either sires or dams for all studied traits. Genetic trends were positive for 305-day milk yield (2.68 kg), age at first calving (0.020), fat yield (0.031kg), fat% (0.001%) and protein % (0.002%), but were negative for protein yield (-0.098 kg) and days open (-0.219). In conclusion, higher range of the cow breeding values than either sires or dams revealed a wider genetic variation and a good opportunity for selecting the superior cows. Positive genetic trends for 305-day milk yield, age at first calving, fat%, fat yield and protein% indicated that there was a genetic improvement in these traits in desirable direction, but negative genetic trends for days open and protein yield indicating a decrease in mean breeding value for these traits over the study period.}, keywords = {Holstein,calving interval,Breeding value,Genetic trend,animal model}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28659.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28659_3c846178f83b4a59f78cfc6013188672.pdf} } @article { author = {Ali, Abd El-Moneim A. and Refat, Nahla A. and Mowafy, Rehab E. and Gaheen, Safaa A.}, title = {Experimental Pathological Studies on Ochratoxicosis in Broiler Chickens}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {155-164}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28660}, abstract = {Forty broiler chicks (Hubbard breed), two weeks old were used to study the pathological lesions and residues of ochratoxin A in some chicken organs. Experimental chicks were divided into two groups. First group (30 chicks) were fed on ration contaminated with 100ppb /kg ration, while second group (10 chicks) were kept as control and fed on ration free from OTA till the end of the experiment. Fifteen chicks from group 1and five chicks from group 2 were sacrificed 28 and 36 days post feeding (PF). The clinical signs, mortalities and lesions in addition to OTA residues were detected and recorded. The chicks in group 1 showed 20% mortalities beside diarrhea, dehydration and emaciation. The kidney lobules appeared pale with urates deposits due to intense nephrotic changes, nephritis, fibrosis and gout. The liver showed hepatic hemorrhages apoptosis, necrosis and hyperplastic bile ductules. Intense lesions in brain in the form of edema, meningeal lymphocytic cells aggregations, degenerated neurons and purkinje cells were recorded. GIT lesions (proventriculus and intestine) due to direct contact with OTA contaminated ration were also seen. OTA residue was higher in liver than kidneys while the lowest value was detected in skeletal muscle. It could be concluded that OTA induced neurotoxicity beside hepato-renal toxicity and GIT lesions due to its toxic effect and its adverse effect on growth performance.}, keywords = {ochratoxins,residues,Carcinogen,Teratogen}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28660.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28660_4c9fccde50b9ba523876d2a12ac73b79.pdf} } @article { author = {Labib, Faten M. and El Azab, El Azab A. and Mansour, Hassan H. and Mahdy, Atef B. and Abdallah, Asmaa A.}, title = {Studies of Reproductive Changes during Pregnancy in the Bitch}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {165-171}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2019.28661}, abstract = {In the present study, seven mongrel bitches were used, their age ranged from 15 months to 3 years. Vaginal cytology was carried out during pregnancy period of these bitches by taking vaginal smears weekly to investigate vaginal cytological changes. Serial ultrasonography was performed daily on these bitches from the 15th day after the last breeding until birth day to determine the time of appearance of different gestational structures. The first observation of the extra-fetal and fetal structures was as follows: The yolk sac membrane was first detected as an echogenic U-shaped fetal membrane in a range of 24-25 days. A third echogenic fetal membrane, allantoic membrane, was first detected on Day 27. On Day 23, in the uterine wall surrounding the gestational sac, an apparently hyperechoic inner layer was differentiated to the zonary placenta which appeared as two thick bands one on either side of the fetus on Day 29. The embryo appearance was on Day 20.5. The early time of the position of the embryo either opposed to the uterine wall or dependent on chorionic cavity was nearly on Day 22 and on Day 24, respectively. The heartbeat, which is one of fetal vital signs, was detected as a bright echogenic flickering motion on Day 21. On Day 26 in mongrel bitches, the features of the embryo changed from an oblong to bipolar shape and form two loops of number 8, size and density the same. An anechoic area in the head of the embryo was detected on Day 29. The limb buds were firstly detected on Day 29. Fetal movement was firstly detected on Day 33. Meanwhile, the skeleton of the fetus was first detected as hyperechoic structure on Day 33.}, keywords = {Reproduction,Pregnancy,Bitch,Ultrasonography}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28661.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28661_0ce44a32168dfa681fdd7ae5f48a98c8.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Alim, Abdel-Alim F. and Kamel, Mohammed A. and Elsayed, Refaat A.A.}, title = {Some Pharmacological Studies of Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin in Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {172-180}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28662}, abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate some pharmacological effects of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin in their therapeutic and double therapeutic doses on healthy male albino rats. Forty five rats were divided into 5 groups, each of 9 rats, 1st was left as a control, 2nd and 3rd groups received 100 mg/kg BW ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin respectively, orally for 10 successive days (therapeutic dose). The 4th and 5th groups were administrated 200 mg/kg ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin respectively, orally for 10 successive days (double therapeutic doses). Urine analysis and serum biochemical parameters were estimated in addition to histopathological examination of liver and kidneys. The urine analysis revealed that levofloxacin at its therapeutic and double therapeutic doses produced a significant increase in urinary proteins, blood, bilirubin, urobilinogen and urinary ketones while ciprofloxacin doses produced less damage. However, serum biochemical parameters disclosed that levofloxacin is a safer fluoroquinolone than ciprofloxacin; these results were confirmed by histopathological examination of liver and kidneys. Urine analysis despite widely used in human laboratories, it is not a reliable technique; blood biochemical parameters examination and histopathological examination are more dependable.}, keywords = {ciprofloxacin,Levofloxacin,urinalysis,Liver and kidney functions}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28662.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28662_81f5b31f367c0f6ac83f3797f3cf8ea6.pdf} } @article { author = {Shehata, Ayman A- and Fawzi, Elshaima M. and Menaze, Afaf M. and Essa, Mohamed I. and Mahmoud, Mervat M.}, title = {Assessment of the Duration of Maternal Antibodies Specific to Live Attenuated peste des petits Ruminant Virus Vaccine in Lambs and Kids}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {181-188}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28663}, abstract = {Maternal immunity in lambs and kids born from vaccinated dams with peste des petits ruminant (PPR) live attenuated cell culture vaccine was evaluated by using competitive ELISA (c-ELISA). Serum samples were collected from each dam prior to the vaccination to detect the titre of antibody against the infection with PPRV and from lambs and kids on the day of birth, then every 15 days until reach 4.5 months of age to determine the level of maternal antibodies against PPR virus transferred from vaccinated dams to their newly born lambs and kids. Results showed that the antibody titer averages in lambs and kids reach the maximum at one month of age (OD average below 20) then, declined gradually at 105 days in which 80 % of kids still have OD average below 50while 40% of lambs are still protected. So, we recommended the application of vaccine to newly born lambs and kids from immunized dams at 3 months of age by live attenuated PPR vaccine strain Egypt/87 grown on the Vero cell culture.}, keywords = {Small ruminants,PPRV- vaccine,maternal immunity,c-ELISA}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28663.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28663_de6b07c9060ec46ba567b6207c5ba204.pdf} } @article { author = {Bayomi, Yasmin H. and Mohamed, Wafaa A.M. and Morsi, Abdel Karem M.}, title = {Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Dystrophic Lambs and Kids in Relation to Body Condition Scores}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {189-200}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28664}, abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the severity of muscular dystrophy, caused by vitamin E and selenium deficiencies in lambs and kids, and their body condition score (BCS). A total of 71 lambs and kids aged from 1-6 months were used; 51 dystrophic animals (38 lambs and 13 kids) and 20 healthy ones (10 lambs and 10 kids). The animal grouping was done on the basis of BCS and the obtained hematological and biochemical alterations. Blood samples were collected after clinical examination to all animals, for performing the clinicopathological studies.  Results showed that the incidence and severity of the disease were higher in rapidly growing and well-nourished lamb (BCS 3.5-4), while the occurrence of the disease in kids was more common in BCS 1-2.5. Regarding biochemical findings, the serum vitamin E, Se, CAT and GSH-Px recorded lower values in dystrophic lambs and kids than the control, while higher values of CPK, CTn I, MDA and NO were recorded with the strongest alterations in good bodily conditioned ones. A significant decrease in serum Mg level in dystrophic kids with BCS 1-3 was also observed. In conclusion, proper nutrition of dam and young without shortage or excess is necessary. Also, vitamin E and se supplementation should be increased in good bodily conditioned and rapidly growing animals than their counterparts to activate the antioxidant system and reduce oxidative stress. }, keywords = {BCS,lambs,kids,Vitamin E deficiency,Oxidative Stress}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28664.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28664_6c4643b68c146ecb2a51cdadccbc7f04.pdf} } @article { author = {Khater, Safaa I. and ELsaadawy, Hamad A. and El-Basyoni, Shrouk A.}, title = {Effect of Zinc, Selenium and their Combination on Cadmium- Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Kidney-A Molecular Study}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {201-209}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28665}, abstract = {Cadmium (Cd) is considered as   a very toxic heavy metal which transfers to the body through many routes as food, water and air. Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) have a great role in alleviation of Cd toxicity in kidneys. This study aimed to look into the interaction between Cd, Zn, Se and their effects on gene expression of the antioxidant enzymes in the kidneys of rats. Fifty male adult albino rats were divided into five groups (n=10) that received orally the following doses daily for one month: Group I: control group received normal saline, Group II: received 2mg/kg BW CdCl2, Group ΠI: was administered 2mg/kg CdCl2 and 2mg/kg ZnCl2, Group IV: received 2 mg/kg CdCl2 and 0.23 mg/kg Na2Seo3, and Group V: received 2 mg/kg CdCl2, 2 mg/kg ZnCl2 and 0.23 mg/kg Na2Seo3). The gene expression levels of SOD1, CAT, GPx, HSP70 and MT1 were assessed in the kidneys; treatment with Cd lowered the expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, CAT, and GPx) and increased the expression level of HSP70 and MT1. Only partial ameliorative effects on the oxidative stress caused by Cd in the kidney have been observed with Se or Zn supplementation during exposure to Cd, while the co-treated with Se and Zn revealed better protection against the observed oxidative stress in kidney.}, keywords = {zinc,selenium,cadmium,Oxidative Stress,Gene expression,Metallothionine}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28665.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28665_de094305ddb934d58307a405774b08d7.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Alim, Abd El-Alim F. and Galal, Azza A. A. and Mahmoud, Shahira H. and El-Sayed, Walaa A.}, title = {Comparative ameliorative effect of Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) against toxic impact of aflatoxin B1 in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia)}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {210-220}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28666}, abstract = {Different ways have been used in an attempt to decrease the risk of aflatoxicosis in fish. This study was undertaken to compare the possible alleviative effects of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae against the toxic impact of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus). Therefore, 180 normal cultured monosex O. niloticus were randomly allocated into 6 equal groups. Group 1, was received the basal ration only. Group 2, was fed a basal ration supplemented with 0.5% HASCAS. Group 3, was fed a basal diet enriched with 0.25% Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Group 4, was received a diet intoxicated with 2.5 ppm aflatoxin B1. Group 5, was fed a diet intoxicated with 2.5 ppm AFB1 with 0.5% HSCAS. Group 6, was fed a diet intoxicated with 2.5 ppm AFB1 with 0.25% S. cerevisae. AFB1 intoxication induced mortality 16.67 %, leucopenia, lymphopenia, neutrophilia with a significant decrease in phagocytic % and index. Furthermore, significant increases in serum creatinine, ALT and ALP as well as a significant decrease in total protein, albumin and globulin were recorded. Moreover, accumulation of aflatoxin residues in O. niloticus flesh (5 ppb) and liver (15 ppb). While, supplementation of AFB1 intoxicated diet either with S. cerevisiae or HSCAS ameliorated the drastic effects of aflatoxin on O. niloticus and S. cerevisiae appear to be more effective in the protection of fish from aflatoxicosis than HSCAS.}, keywords = {Aflatoxin B1,residues,hematology,phagocytosis,HSCAS,Saccharomyces cerevisiae}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28666.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28666_7c79f80fb633f95fe5b688edb1ef1d53.pdf} } @article { author = {Shams, Gamal El-Din A.M. and Khairy, Mohamed H. and Saleh, Mohamed A. and Antar, Samar A.}, title = {Adverse Effects of Memantine}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {221-234}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28667}, abstract = {The current study covers key issues related to memantine’s toxicity (0.36 mg/kg, P.O. once daily) and its effect on liver, Kidney, blood and antioxidant enzymes for three weeks. Then tissue and blood samples were collected at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks post-treatment. Our results indicated that Memantine has hepato-nephrotoxicity and elevation of liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), creatinine, urea and uric acid. Obvious decline in all blood parameters with respectable decline in antioxidant enzyme like CAT, SOD, GPX and a significant increase in MDA. Histopathology revealed hepatic steatosis and increase the apoptotic and necrotic cells mostly within the centrolobular, as. Also, tubular basophilia and interstitial nephritis were observed. Therefore, Memantine should be used with caution with hepatic or people with kidney problems.}, keywords = {Memantine,Alzheimer’s disease,Dementia,CBC,Antioxidant enzymes}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28667.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28667_634ab8eb5f0b8b624906d825385aa1be.pdf} } @article { author = {Khairy, Mohammed H. and Abd El Alim, Abd El Alim F. and Ismail, Ibrahim M and Darwish, Mohamed E}, title = {Interaction between Marbofloxacin and Flunixin in Treatment of Pneumonia in Lambs}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {235-243}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28668}, abstract = {Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 100 lambs aging 9 -12 months (30 healthy and 70 pneumonic lambs for bacteriological examination. Overall, 25% were positive for P multocida. Antibiogram study of the isolates revealed that marbofloxacin was the highest effective against P. multocida. Forty lambs (20 healthy and 20 naturally infected with P multocida) were divided into 8 groups (5, each), the 1st group: healthy lambs (control), 2nd group: healthy received marbofloxacin, 3rd group: healthy received flunixin meglumine, 4th group: healthy received marbofloxacin and flunixin meglumine together, 5th group: infected non treated, 6th group: infected treated with marbofloxacin, 7th group: infected treated with flunixin meglumine and 8th: group infected treated with marbofloxacin and flunixin meglumine together. Hemato-biochemical changes at 1st, 7th and 14th day post treatment were studied. All clinical sign disappeared and P.multocida microorganisms were not reisolated in group post treated by marbofloxacin alone or together with flunixin meglumine. Healthy lambs received marbofloxacin or flunixin meglumine either alone or together showed significant decrease in RBCs, Hb, PCV%, T protein, albumin, globulin, α, β, γ globulin and significant increase in WBCs, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, urea and creatinine at1st and 7th day post injection. Pneumonic lambs showed significant reduction in RBCs, Hb, PCV% T. protein, albumin, total globulin, α, β globulin and significant increase in WBCs, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, γ globulin, urea and creatinine all over the experimental period. Pneumonic lamb treated with marbofloxacin alone or with flunixin meglumine resulted in complete disappearance of these clinical signs at 1st day post treatment but these clinical signs remained in flunixin meglumine alone lambs. It is concluded that, pasteurellosis in lambs resulted in adverse effect in hematobiochemical parameters. Using marbofloxacin alone or together with flunixin meglumine in treatment of diseased lambs lead to improve clinical signs and hemato-biochemical parameters at 7th day post treatment.}, keywords = {Marbofloxacin,Flunixin,Treatment,pneumonia,lambs}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28668.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28668_a31ade149eea7157ed6fc8d25ce7db8c.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashem, Mohamed A. and Abdallah, Amany A. and Eldeen, Ibtisam G. and Amer, Mahmoud M.}, title = {Biochemical Studies on Rosemary and Licorice against Lead -Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {244-256}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.28669}, abstract = {The present study was carried out to explore the effect of rosemary and licorice alone or in combination with lead acetate on the biochemical parameters of adult male albino rats. A120 rats were equally divided into 6 groups. Group1 was kept as a control group (negative control). Groups 2 and 3 received aqueous extract of rosemary (100 mg/kg BW/day) and licorice (150 mg/kg BW/day) alone, respectively. Group 4 was given lead acetate (0.2%) alone; Group 5 was administrated lead acetate (0.2%) in combination with the aqueous extract of rosemary and Group 6 received lead acetate (0.2%) in combination with licorice. All treatments were given orally in drinking water for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected at 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks post-treatment. Results showed that chronic lead toxicity caused a significant disturbance in liver and kidney functions, as well as serum antioxidants and immunoglobulins. However, rosemary or licorice extracts restored such changes. This study revealed that lead exposure induced severe oxidative stress and disturbed simultaneously the serum biochemical profile of albino male rats and rosemary or licorice administration improved these disturbances.}, keywords = {liver enzymes,rosemary,licorice,creatinine,catalase}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28669.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28669_32de482fedc8e42210b61e243ac5e193.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel Aziz, Elsayed A. and El-Nabtity, Sameh M. and Said, Mahmoud A.A.}, title = {Ameliorative effect of Phoenix dactylifera on adverse effects of Linezolid in rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {257-266}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29245}, abstract = {Linezolid is one of the oxazolidinone antibiotics that is used to treat methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) & vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of linezolid on bone marrow and, kidneys and their counteraction by using Phoenix dactylifera methanolic extract in rats. It was found that oral administration of linezolid (100 mg/kg body weight) for 14 successive days induced a significant decrease in hemoglobin content (7.88±0.18 g/L) on the first day post-treatment, significant increase in serum urea (59.75±0.85) and creatinine (1.89±0.04) on the 14th day post- treatment. The concurrent oral administration of Phoenix dactylifera methanolic extract (1000 mg/kg body weight) and linezolid (100 mg/kg body weight) for the same period corrected the damaging effects of linezolid of the hemoglobin content, urea, creatinine of treated rats. It was concluded that methanolic extract of phoenix dactylifera clearly ameliorated these damaging effects of linezolid.}, keywords = {Phoenix dactylifera,Linezolid,urea,creatinine,brain and bone marrow}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29245.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29245_c765cbeface9837ab45c6ab3b42faa09.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Motal, Sabry M.A. and Khairy, Mohamed H. and Mohamed, Ahmed A. S. and Abou El-Fotoh, Magdy F. and Abdel –Aziz, Shimaa A.}, title = {Pharmacological Studies on Bleomycin as Cancer Therapy and Protective Effect of Aged Garlic}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {267-276}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29247}, abstract = {The pharmacological impacts of bleomycin as anticarcinogenic agents and the protective effect of aged garlic were done in current study. Eighty mature male albino mice were divided into 8 groups (each ten mice), group one was kept as a negative control, group two which was injected intraperoteneally with bleomycin. Group 3,  which was given orally aged garlic, group 4 was inoculated with Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cells (EAC) , animals of group 5were administrated aged garlic and injected  with EAC cells while group 6 was given simultaneously  EAC cells and bleomycin I/P  ,  group 7 was  injected bleomycin I/P and administrated  garlic 8 days  later and group 8 took  both bleomycin and garlic before inoculation of EAC cells by 8 days. Our results revealed that there were side effects of bleomycin   on GSH, ROS, CAT, GPX and GR in the inoculated groups with EAC cells and confirmed by biochemical analysis. Aged garlic suppresses the progression of EAC cells and prevents their developmental effects}, keywords = {Bleomycin,cancer therapy,Protective Effect,Aged Garlic}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29247.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29247_e56863f33febe3e88086ef2afe493179.pdf} } @article { author = {Shams, Gamal El-Din and Khairy, Mohamed H. and Saleh, Mohammed A. and Antar, Samar A.}, title = {Protective Effects of Vitamin E on Memantine Adverse Effects}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {277-288}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29248}, abstract = {This study to evaluate the protective effect of Vitamin E (1mg/kg, P.O. once daily) on Memantine adverse effects (0.36mg/kg, P.O. once daily) and its effect on liver, kidney, blood and antioxidant enzymes for three weeks. Then tissue and blood samples were collected on 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks post-treatment to assess the protective effect of Vitamin E. Our results indicated that Vitamin E has hepato-nephro-protective and there was a decrease in the elevation of liver enzymes caused by Memantine like ALT, AST and ALP and kidney parameters like creatinine, urea and uric acid, and there was a normalize in all blood parameters which decrease by Memantine  and finally there was a significant increase in antioxidant enzymes like CAT, SOD, GPX and a significant decrease in MDA, beside showing decrease in hepatic steatosis (arrowhead) and decrease in  the apoptotic and necrotic cells mostly within the centrolobular caused by Memantine administration, as demonstrated by hepatic histopathology. Also, showing decrease in tubular basophilia, and decrease in interstitial nephritis (arrow indicated leukocytic infiltration), as showed by kidney histopathology. Therefore, Vitamin E should be taken with Memantine to decrease its side effects}, keywords = {Memantine,neuropsychiatric diseases,Vitamin E}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29248.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29248_834e1b75c52bdff4fe259ddc7660f481.pdf} } @article { author = {Sallam, Amira A. and Ahmed, Mona M. and Abou Hadeed, Ali H. and Abou El-Fotoh, Magdy F.}, title = {The Protective Effect of Pomegranate Juice in Silver Nanoparticles Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mature Male Albino Mice}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {289-295}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29249}, abstract = {Nano-silvers (AgNPs) are widely used in medical and consumer products thanks to their excellent antimicrobial and anti-carcinogenic effects. Sixty mature male albino mice were randomly distributed into six groups (ten per group). The first group was kept as negative control, the 2nd one was injected with  silver nanoparticles 78 mg/kg BW I/P for 14 days, group 3 was given pomegranate (20 ml/kg BW) orally for 28 days, in the fourth group pomegranate was administrated for 14 days, followed by AgNPs for another 14 days. The fifth one AgNPs were I/P injected for 14 days, followed by pomegranate for another 14 days.  The last group received AgNPs and pomegranate on the same time with the same doses and route of previous groups.  The results revealed that pomegranate has a protective impact on AgNPs toxicity in all groups. These results were clarified the findings of AST, ALT, SOD, CAT, MDA and GPX. The protective and treatment effects of pomegranate in hepatotoxicity were evidenced by regeneration of hepatocyte and kupffur cells.}, keywords = {pomegranate juice,silver nanoparticles,Hepatotoxicity,male,Albino mice}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29249.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29249_42c66b91deb1d3fcf7687b2ba01501da.pdf} } @article { author = {Abou El-Fotoh, Magdy F. and Abou Hadeed, Ali H. and Kotb, Esraa K.G.}, title = {Toxicological Effects on Silver Nanoparticles as Anticarcinogenic Agent and its Treatment with Curcumin}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {296-304}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29250}, abstract = {In this study, the efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for treatment the Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cells (EAC) and trials to overcome its side effects by administration of the curcumin were carried out. Hundred and fifty mature male albino mice were divided into fifteen equal groups. Negative control animals were I.P injected with sterile normal saline, Positive control: oral dose curcumin daily an oral dose of (400 mg/Kg BW), suspended in dist. H2O dosed, in the induced cancer control group: mice were inoculated with EAC through serial I/P of 2.5 x 106 EAC tumor cells 0.2 ml at 5-8 days intervals. Inject I.P. with different doses of silver nanoparticles, 100µ AgNPs+induced tumor, 200 µ of AgNPs + tumor induction, l00 µ AgNPs+ curcumin (400 mg/kg) + tumor induction, 200 µ AgNPs + curcumin (400 mg/kg) + tumor induction, 100 µ AgNPs before tumor induction by 15 days , 200 µ AgNPs buffer tumor induction 15 days then tumor induction EAC, 100 µ AgNPs + curcumin  400 µM/kg b.wt.) before induced tumor 15 days then induced tumor EAC, 200 µ AgNPs + curcumin  400  mg/kg bw.t) before induced tumor then tumor induction EAC, 100 µ AgNPs after tumor cell implantation 8 days later, 200 µ AgNPs after tumor cell implantation 8 days later, 100 µ AgNPs + curcumin 400 mg/kg BW) after tumor induction 8 day and 200 µ AgNPs + curcumin 400 mg/kg bw.t) after 8 days tumor induction. All results and histopathologyfindings validated that the silver nanoparticles are good for treatment of EAC and the curcumin can overcome their side effects.}, keywords = {silver nanoparticles,EAC Cancer Cells,Curcumin}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29250.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29250_33d3343a035c7165609259a9747458e2.pdf} } @article { author = {Zaghlal, Sherine M. and Salama, Ali A.A. and Ismail, Mohammed EL-Bakry A. and Farag, Gamelat K. and Mahmoud, Manal B. and Ali, Ahmed Abd El-Samie H.}, title = {Virological and Immunological Diagnosis of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Rabbits}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {305-313}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29253}, abstract = {Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a viral infectious disease of cattle. Other animals may act as reservoirs of BVDV; Rabbits are wide range in many countries, frequently existing close to farm animals. Recent studies revealed that BVDV propagated in rabbits through different routes of infections. Thus, New Zealand White rabbits were infected with two biotypes of BVDV (NADL and 890) through different routes (intravenous, nasal and oral). No clinical signs appeared on the infected rabbits. On the other hand, the lymphoid organs (GALF) of ileum of rabbits of BVDV infected groups and sacrificed at day five post infections showed depletion in the population of lymphocytes in the center of some lymphoid follicles. By RT-PCR some buffy coat samples and most organ samples in all exposed groups were virus positive at day five post infection, however samples of mock-infected control group remained negative. Antibodies development was observed in all groups infected animals, while in mock-infected control group, there was not production of antibodies. Innate immunity was detected by assessment of lysozyme and nitric oxide concentrations. There was an increase in lysozyme and nitric oxide concentrations in BVDV exposed groups when compared with mock infected group after day three as a defense mechanism of the host against the virus. Conclusion, these results indicates that rabbits are susceptible to infection by BVDV biotypes without clinical signs and lesions.}, keywords = {BVDV,Rabbit,GALF,PCR,lysozyme,Nitric oxide}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29253.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29253_7c4cc579e49f3ad9c1ea396abebc22e7.pdf} } @article { author = {Hafz, Eman M. and Salama, Ali A.A. and Soliman, Adel M. and Ismail, Mohammed EL-Bakry A. and Farag, Gamelat K. and Ali, Ahmed Abd El-Samie H.}, title = {Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in some Vaccines, Sera and Cell Cultures}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {Supplementary 1}, pages = {314-322}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.29255}, abstract = {Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes contagious subclinical viral infections among dairy and beef cattle leading to economic losses worldwide. BVDV belongs to Family Flaviviridae, Genus Pestiviruses which is RNA viruses. It has two genotypes (I & II), each genotype has two biotypes, cytopathic (CP) and non-cytopathic (NCP) according to its cytopathology on cell culture. There is a risk factor from using bovine serum as a contaminant of the biological reagents and products prepared on cell cultures as vaccines. The study aimed to detect BVDV contamination in some biological agents such as (cell culture, serum and vaccines) using culture methods, ELISA and quantitate real time PCR. Samples consisted of 13 different attenuated and killed vaccines that are used in farm vaccination, five different serum samples that are used in cell culture and vaccines production in addition to three different cell culture samples that used in cell culture either for virus isolation or vaccines production. All samples inoculated on MDBK cells and examined for cytopathic BVDV revealed negative results. Cell culture and serum samples examined by ELISA technique also gave negative results. All samples were negative with real time PCR except one sample was positive. Comparing between all methods used, there was agreement between their results except in one sample that give positive result only by real time PCR. Therefore, we conclude that the chances of BVDV spread and contamination still there. The qRT – PCR is the most accurate method and can amplify a very little amount of virus. We also approve that all manufactured serum, vaccine samples were good as they were free from contamination with BVDV.}, keywords = {BVDV,PCR,ELISA,cell culture,serum,vaccine}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29255.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29255_ed0212b29579adeac08082e74dc04407.pdf} }