@article { author = {Abdelaziz, S A and Said, A A and Edres, N O and Amer, G A}, title = {The Immunomodulatory Effects of Oral Administration of Azithromycin and Echinacea spp in Pasteurella multocida Vaccinated Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94451}, abstract = {The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Azithromycin (Zisrocin®) and Echinacea spp < /em> (Mulone®), alone and their combination on the immune response of the rat as a laboratory model. In this experiment, 40 male rats were employed and divided into four equal groups each of ten. The first group (control group) received 0.5 ml saline. The second group received Mulone® (5 mg/100 gm), the third group received Zisrocin (4.5 mg/100 gm) and the fourth group received Mulone® (5 mg/100 gm) with Zisrocin® (4.5 mg/100 gm) as oral gavage daily for 5 days, respectively. All groups were vaccinated with Pasteurella  multocida (4 × 109/ml CFU of P.multocida) on the 6th day of the experiment then blood samples were collected from all groups at Zero, 1st , 2nd and 3rd day post vaccination. Whole blood and serum samples were collected and used for phagocytic activity, nitric oxide (NO) production and lysozyme activity. The results showed that the combination of Zisrocin and Mulone, synergistically, provoked a significant increase in the phagocytic and lysozyme activities than Zisrocin treated, Mulone treated and control groups, while induced a significant decrease in serum NO level than Zisrocin and control group. Our results concluded that the simultaneous use of Zisrocin and Mulone improved the immune and the anti-inflammatory responses in vaccinated rats. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Azithromycin (Zisrocin®) and Echinacea spp < /em> (Mulone®), alone and their combination on the immune response of the rat as a laboratory model. In this experiment, 40 male rats were employed and divided into four equal groups each of ten. The first group (control group) received 0.5 ml saline. The second group received Mulone® (5 mg/100 gm), the third group received Zisrocin (4.5 mg/100 gm) and the fourth group received Mulone® (5 mg/100 gm) with Zisrocin® (4.5 mg/100 gm) as oral gavage daily for 5 days, respectively. All groups were vaccinated with Pasteurella  multocida (4 × 109/ml CFU of P.multocida) on the 6th day of the experiment then blood samples were collected from all groups at Zero, 1st , 2nd and 3rd day post vaccination. Whole blood and serum samples were collected and used for phagocytic activity, nitric oxide (NO) production and lysozyme activity. The results showed that the combination of Zisrocin and Mulone, synergistically, provoked a significant increase in the phagocytic and lysozyme activities than Zisrocin treated, Mulone treated and control groups, while induced a significant decrease in serum NO level than Zisrocin and control group. Our results concluded that the simultaneous use of Zisrocin and Mulone improved the immune and the anti-inflammatory responses in vaccinated rats.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94451.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94451_940bcb5e02732436cb75b89d8941a96a.pdf} } @article { author = {F Ahmed, Wafaa and El Mesallamy, Manal and El Mokhtar, Nahed}, title = {Estimation Of Aflatoxin Residues In Some Meat Products}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {9-13}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94452}, abstract = {A total of 90 samples of sausage, luncheon, and burger of beef origin (30 from each) were collected from ZagazigCity markets for detection the total aflatoxin residues. The obtained results revealed that the mean levels of the total aflatoxin residues were 2.46 + 0.660, 2.50 + 0.554 and 1.80 + 0.369 ppb in the examined sausage, luncheon, and burger samples respectively. The total aflatoxin levels exceeded the European permissible limits (4 ppb) in 4 (13.33%), 3 (10%) and 2 (6.66%) of the examined sausage, luncheon and burger samples respectively. Meanwhile, only 2 (6.66%) and 1 (3.33%) of the sausage and luncheon samples respectively contained total aflatoxin residues in levels above the Egyptian standard (2003) permissible limits (10 ppb). The frequency distributions of the total aflatoxin residues within the different meat product samples indicated relatively wide range of aflatoxin distribution in sausage and luncheon samples in comparing with those in burger. Upon the probable sources of aflatoxin residues, the hygienic storage of animal feed, animal feed ingredients and meat products are highly recommended to avoid fungal infection and subsequently mycotoxin residues. Furthermore, the choice of the good quality meat, spices and food additives are also recommended.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94452.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94452_11e6f426c68f10e0f6a374c3b3b3dcac.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo El-Fetouh, E H and Khalil, Halla and Nabil, Gehan and Mekawy, Soad}, title = {Some Biochemical and Pathological Changes in Turkey Induced By Gentamicin and Their Modulation with Vitamin E}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {14-24}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94453}, abstract = {The present study was designed to investigate the protective role of vitamin E against gentamicin toxicity. A total of 80, 4 weeks -old turkey poult were divided into 4 groups. 1st group healthy non-treated turkeys (control group), 2nd group gentamicin (5mg/kgm B.wt/day) treated, 3rd group vitamin E ( 10mg/kg B.wt/day) treated, 4thgroup treated with gentamicin plus vitamin E. Five turkeys poults from each group were sacrificed at1st day post treatment, blood samples and Specimen from internal organ were taken for hematobiochemical and histopathological study. Five turkey poults from each group were weighted at start and 1st day post treatment for detection effect of the durgs in body weight.  The present work revealed that, gentamicin  induced a significant reduction in RBCs count, Hb, PCV %, total protein, albumin, globulin and rise in AST, ALT, ALP, uric acid, and creatinine beside insignificant rise in WBCs count and body weight in turkey at 1stday post treatment. Vitamin E induce significant rise in RBCs count, Hb, PCV % total WBCs count, total protein, albumin globulin and insignificant increase in body weight, AST, ALT, ALP, uric acid, creatinine and body weight in turkey at 1stday post treatment. Necropsy revealed swollen kidneys and liver with hemorrhagic streaks on its surface. Petechial hemorrhages present on skeletal muscles. Microscopically, kidneys showed degenerative changes and necrosis of the renal tubules. Liver showed severe vacuolar and hydropic degeneration of the hepatic parenchyma. Oral administration of vitamin E to turkey poult gentamicin treated caused improvement in hematobiochemical parameters and pathological lesions. From the results, it can be concluded that gentamicin is a highly toxic to turkey birds but vitamin E has potential protective effects against gentamicin toxicity.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94453.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94453_734335cbfa70d575d443ef67106ac86a.pdf} } @article { author = {Abu El-Ela, Walaa A and K I, Mahmoud and Awad, Sanaa A A}, title = {Studies On The Efficiency Of Aflatoxin Control Methods In The Poultry Farms}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {25-34}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94454}, abstract = {Aflatoxicosis represents one of the serious diseases of poultry. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin (CM), silymarin (Sil) and Nutritox in reducing the toxic effects of aflatoxin in white pekin ducklings. One hundred ninety two one day old white pekin ducklings were equally divided randomly into 8 equal groups, which include the following:  The control group was fed commercial broiler feed that were tested to be free from aflatoxin, while another expermintal groups, namely  2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were containing, respectively, G2) basal diet (BD) + 700 ppb AF (aflatoxin); G3)  BD + 700 ppb AF +10mg/kg feed CM (curcumin); G4) BD + 700 ppb AF + 500mg/kg of BW Sil (Silymarin); G5) BD + 700 ppb AF + 1gm/kg feed Nutritox; G6) BD + 10mg/kg feed of CM; G7) BD + 500mg/kg of B.W Sil; G8) BD + 1gm/kg feed Nutritox during study (1-21days). Results showed that, the addition of 1gm/kg feed Nutritox ameliorated to some extend the adverse effects of AF diet and improved growth performance. The addition of CM or Sil or Nutritox ameliorated the adverse effects of AF on some serum chemistry parameters [total protein, Creatinin, Aspartate aminotransferase during cetrain periods of our experiments (AST), alanin aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)]. Results revealed that the administration of CM, Sil and Nutritox in diet prevent or reduce some adverse effects of aflatoxin in ducks fed aflatoxin-conatminated diets during different periods of our experiments. Our study concluded that Nutritox can provide protection against aflatoxin more than curcumin and silymarin.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94454.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94454_47e35621adde0a5d79cab00d6edbefc7.pdf} } @article { author = {Hegazy, A M and El-Sisi, M A and Nazim, A A}, title = {Therapeutic Evaluation Of The Antiviral Activity Of Azadirachta indica In Comparison To Amantadine Hydrochloride Against Avian Influenza Virus Infection In Ducks}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {35-56}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94456}, abstract = {Twelve AI isolates were isolated in ECE from diseased backyard ducks showed signs of depression, anorexia, greenish or watery diarrhea, severe neurological signs, and high mortalities. All isolates were identified using HIT to be H5. RT-PCR was used for detection and subtyping of AIVs using specific pairs of primers to amplify the hemagglutinin gene of subtype H5 and neuraminidase gene of subtype N1. Analysis of RNA extracted yielded positive reactions of correct size as H5 subtype specific primers (545 bp) and N1 subtype specific primers (616 bp). The efficacy of Azadirachta indicaagainst AIV infection was evaluated in comparison toamantadinehydrochloride in 2-wk-old balady ducks inoculated with 0.1ml×106 EID50/ml of AIV H5N1. Aqueous Neem leaves extract provided ducks with 100% protection level, whereas neither clinical signs nor mortalities were recorded, while Adamine® presented 70% only.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94456.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94456_799f19a79645d4951bfd71fac39355d9.pdf} } @article { author = {Eldaly, EA and Saleh, EA and Moustafa, AH and Atya, Ola}, title = {Prevalence Of Listeria Organisms In Meat And Some Meat Products}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {57-68}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94457}, abstract = {A total of 250 samples representing 150 samples fresh meat, fresh and frozen sausage, frankfurter, luncheon and shawerma 25 of each and 100 samples frozen minced meat, meat kofta and rice kofta , Hamburger, and hawawshy 20 of each were randomly purchased from shops and supermarkets in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt and examined bacteriologically for determination of the prevalence of listeria species. The overall prevalence of Listeria spp. were 7 (28%) of fresh meat, 8 (40%) of frozen minced meat, 7 (35%) of meat kofta, 4 (20%) of rice kofta, 5 (20%) of fresh sausage, 2 (8%) of frozen sausage, 7 (25%) of hamburger, 4 (16%) of frankfurter, meanwhile we couldn't detected Lisreria spp. in luncheon, shawerma and hawawshy. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 11 (4.4%) and confirmed in one (4%) of fresh meat, 2 (10%) of frozen minced meat, 1 (5%) of meat kofta, 1 (5%)  of rice kofta, 2 (8%) of fresh sausage, 1(4%) of frozen sausage, 2 (10%) of hamburger and 1 (4%) of frankfurter respectively with total incidence of 11 (4.4%), which displayed beta-heamolysis on sheep blood agar and positive CAMP test and they were further identified by PCR technique. Pathogenesity of isolated L. monocytogenes to white mice was studied and public health significance of this pathogen and sanitary measures were discussed. L. monocytogenes has been recognized as major food born pathogen especially foods which are not exposed to a sufficient heat treatment.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94457.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94457_13152fb7860138f6b2f3ac573f57a114.pdf} } @article { author = {Ismail, El-Bakry M and Shawky, Abd Al-Motty and Amer, Farag M and Saudy, Ahmed F}, title = {Molecular Comparison Between FMDV Causing Recent Outbreaks In Egypt And The Used Vaccine Strains}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {69-80}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94458}, abstract = {Foot and mouth disease virus (FMD) had taken an enzootic form in Egypt since 1950, since then continues outbreaks occurs, serotype A, O and SAT2 are the most common serotypes isolated in Egypt. In this study, The suspected isolates were diagnosed and typed using an RT - PCR test. The nucleotide sequences of the VP1-coding region was determined and phylogenetic analysis was performed. The results showed that FMDV serotype O were confirmed to be serotype O topotype ME-SA in all localities,while the isolated type A during 2009 was confirmed to be serotype A topotype Africa, while the isolated type A during 2010 and 2011 belong to the Asia topotype and FMDV serotype SAT was confirmed to be SAT2 topotype VII.  }, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94458.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94458_bb098e76ea8c9f27eb6363975563ab6a.pdf} } @article { author = {Gharib, Ahlam A and E, Youssf A and E, Omnia A and Taha, M}, title = {Antimicrobial Activity Of Propolis Against Some Bacteria And Fungi}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {81-97}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94459}, abstract = {Propolis is a natural, low cost, non toxic bee product. The study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of crude ethanolic extract of Egyptian propolis (EEEP) against two multidrug resistant bacteria and twelve veterinary medical important fungi. Antibacterial and antifungal activity was determined by diffusion (disc and agar well diffusion) and dilution methods, compared with  other antimicrobial agents .  Results revealed that S.aureus showed higher sensitivity to EEEP than other E.coli. The effect of EEP was elevated when the concentration increased to 80 and 160 mg/ml. Considering the diameter of the inhibitory zones and MIC values, S.aureus and E.coli showed susceptibility to propolis with inhibition zone diameters of 23 and 17 mm,respectively by disc diffusion test, while they reach 24 and 23 mm, respectively, by agar well diffusion test. Propolis showed similar antibacterial activity as the other tested agents (Oxacillin, Nalidixic acid, Neomycin, Ciprofloxacin, E-moxclav, Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Sulphamethoxazole Trimethoprim) ,MIC value was 6.4 mg/ml for both bacterial spp.  EEP at concentration, 20 mg/ml was effective against all examined five yeast spcies by well diffusion as well as dilution method and can be arranged as Trichosporon  cutaneum < Cryptococcus neoformans and Rhodotorula rubra < Candida albicans < Geotrichum candidum . Moulds species tested by the dilution ( media incorporated with propolis and other antimycotic drugs) method ,indicated that, propolis showed important antifungal activity against tested dermatophytes  at 40 mg/l concentration while non dermatophytes at 160 mg/l. The obtained results emphasized that ,the propolis can be used as alternative treatment in some bacterial and fungal infections, but more research should be carried out to standardize their active ingredients  and action}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94459.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94459_9eff47a3e0bc326dd91ed5e862b984e2.pdf} } @article { author = {Lebdah, MA and Atia, AM and Aboul Saoud, S and Awad, Naglaa}, title = {Some Studies on Rabbit Hemorrhagic Septicemia Vaccines in Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {98-107}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94461}, abstract = {In this study, a trivalent autogenous inactivated P.multocida vaccine was prepared. The prepared vaccine contained three different P. multocida strains which were previously isolated from different localities at Sharkia Governorate and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. The protective effect of the prepared vaccine was evaluated through estimation of the humeral immune response using indirect heamagglutination test (IHA); challenge infection and field evaluation. Pasteurella multocida strains were inactivated with formalin (0.5%) and adjuvanted with montanide oil (ISA -70). Repeated immunization raised up the specific antibody level eight times in vaccinated rabbits. It conferred protection against challenge with homologous strains in commercial rabbits. In the field study a positive effect of vaccination on nasal colonization with P. multocida was found.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94461.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94461_c480f3cc2eda31bdc978ef90c3bcce53.pdf} } @article { author = {Lebdah, M A and Aly, M M and Matter, AA}, title = {A surveillance for Detection Of Avian Influenza Virus From Broiler Flocks At Delta, Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {108-123}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94462}, abstract = {A total of 100 broiler farms reprsenting 765 500 chickens from 5 different Egyptian governorates at Delta, including ; Al-Dakahlia (56), Dametta (20), Al-Sharkia (6), Kafer Elsheakh (8), Al-Gharbia (10) farms respectively; were examined with both clinical and seroexamination. Sample for rapid test contains pool from 5 tracheal swabs were collected randomly from birds showed clinical symptoms of AI, samples for PCR contains pool from 5 tracheal  and 5 colacal swabs. Samples were collected during period from 2/1/2010 to 28/12/2010.  Results of rapid test showed 39.2%, 50%, 60% , 75% , 40%  also , results of RT PCR test showed 33.9% , 30% , 33.3% , 50% and 30% for governorates of Al-Dakahlia, Dametta, Al-Sharkia, Kafer Elsheakh and Al-Gharbia, respectively.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94462.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94462_13aae901501899f1be2c891ebdc4d52b.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Tharwat I and El Nabarawy, E A and B, Aly Salah and A A, Hassan}, title = {Effect Of Apramycin On Pathological, Hematological And Biochemical Changes In Turkey Infected With Coli-Bacillosis}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {124-136}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94465}, abstract = {Eighty turkey poults 20 days old were equally divided into 4 equal groups to evaluate the efficacy of Apramycin against the colibacillosis; group1 was kept as control, group 2 received 25mg/kg.b.wt. of Apramycin in drinking water for 5 successive days, the group3was infected with 3×109 organisms of E.coli (O78)and group 4 was infected with E.coli and treated with Apramycin .Five poults from each group was sacrificed,1,15 and 20 day from the beginning of the experiment. Two blood samples were taken and the serum was separated for hematological and biochemical studies. Tissue specimens were collected for drug- residues assessment and for pathological examination. The poults of group3 shows significant decrease in RBCs, Hb ,PCV% ,total proteins ,albumin ,globulins with insignificant increase in A/G ratio. and significant elevation in WBCs ,AST ,ALT ,ALP, Uric acid and Creatinine These changes were lowered in group 4.The highest Apramycin residues were present in the kidneys ,liver, skin and thigh muscles ,respectively, then disappeared completely rom the examined organ samples after 20 days post treatment. The pathological examinations were coincided with the biochemical examination these changes included degenerative changes in hepatocytes, epithelial lining of renal tubules in addition to coagulative necrosis in both hepatic and renal parenchyma. Congestion and leukocytic infiltrations were noticed. Finally, it could be concluded that the Apramycin is effective against the Colibacillosis, in turkey poults.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94465.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94465_c587ddb024f6fdcbe5c90aab024e147e.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, Adel and Mesalhy, Salah and Abdel Galil, Youssif and Fathi, Mohamed}, title = {Effect Of Different Prepared Antigens Of Pseudomonas fluorescens On Specific And Non-Specific Immune Response Of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {137-148}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94467}, abstract = {The current work aimed to study four different prepared Ps. fluorescensantigens (formalin killed bacterin, extracellular product (ECP) suspension, sonicated cells (SC) suspension and mixture of ECP and SC suspension) to develop the best adequate strategy to control such infection in cultured Nile tilapia. The nitroblue tetrazoilum (NBT), neutrophil adherence and lysozyme activity of vaccinated fish showed significant increases in all immunized groups in comparison with control at  2 and 4 weeks post vaccination. Serum bactericidal activity and antibody titer were significantly increased in all immunized groups at all periods of the experiment. The mixture of ECP and SC antigen showed the best serum bactericidal activity and antibody titer against Ps. fluorescens.  The relative percent of survival (RPS) after challenge with Ps. fluorescens at 4, 6 and 8 weeks post vaccination was significantly increased in all immunized groups in comparison with control. There were significant increases in RPS among a group immunized with a mixture of  ECP and SC antigen than other three immunized groups at 4 weeks only. The higher values of the relative percent of survival were seen in the mixture of  ECP and SC antigen followed by formalin killed antigen, sonicated cell antigen then the extracellular product antigen. It could be concluded that all prepared vaccines are efficient against Ps. fluorescens infection, howevera mixture of sonicated and extracellular product antigen seemed superior to other vaccines especially in bactericidal activity, antibody titer and RPS against Ps. fluorescens}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94467.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94467_01a5ee444b88a90f083a833b6842f13d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Fadil, Hosny and El Skeik, Sawsan and Emam, E E and Matar, Morsy}, title = {Efficacy Of Boldenone Undecylenate And Probiotic As Growth Promotors On Male Buffalo Calves}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {149-161}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94470}, abstract = {This study was planned to investigate the effect of probiotic and Boldenone undecylenate on body weight gain, feed conversion rate, blood picture and some biochemical alterations of male buffalo calves.  This study was done on twenty male healthy buffalo calves 7-8 months old and weight ranges from 164-170 Kg. They were divided into 4 equal  groups  each of 5 calves, 1st group healthy buffalo calves (control), 2nd group healthy buffalo calves treated with probiotic (Biogen), 3rd group, healthy buffalo calves treated with half therapeutic dose of Boldenone undecylenate and 4th group healthy buffalo calves treated with the therapeutic dose of Boldenone undecylenate. Two blood samples were collected at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th injection at 4 weeks and 4 weeks post last injection. 1st Sample used for hematological studies. 2nd sample used for biochemical analysis. Oral dosing of probiotic and I/M injection of full dose of  boldenone undecylenate  induced a significant increase in weight gain, erythrocytic count, hemoglobin% content, packed cell volume %, total leukocytic count, total proteins, , globulin, calcium and phosphorus and significant decrease in feed conversion rate beside insignificant effect on albumin compared with control buffalo calves. Half therapeutic dose of boldenone undecylenate induce insignificant effect in all above  parameters. Probiotic and Boldenone undecylenate in therapeutic dose showed non significant effect on serum ALT, AST, ALP, urea and creatinine and significant decrease in blood glucose level. It could be concluded that the Probiotic and boldenone undecylenate induce good improvement in body weight and feed conversion rate but boldenone undecylenate has some adverse effects on some biochemical parameters than probiotic, so probiotics can be used as safe growth promoter.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94470.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94470_4fca22dee53cf4d42c8719f0122bad65.pdf} } @article { author = {Abou Zaid, A A and El Balkemy, FAM and El Damaty, Hend MS}, title = {Impact Of Risk Factors On The Prevalence Of Mastitis In Dairy Cattle}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {162-168}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94471}, abstract = {This investigation was carried out on a total of 770 dairy cattle from different localities and reared under various hygienic environments from July 2011 to   August, 2012. Application of California mastitis test and bacteriological examination,  revealed that 291(37.8%) animals were positive; 11.2% and 26.6% for clinical and subclinical mastitis respectively. There was a significant difference (P≤0.05) on the prevalence of mastitis between those animals in different parity number .The prevalence rate of subclinical mastitis rose with an increase in parity number, while the prevalence rate of clinical mastitis decrease. The prevalence rate of clinical and subclinical mastitis was also significantly affected by lactation stages (P≤0.05), season (P≤0.05) .Similarly there was a significant difference (P≤0.05) on the prevalence rate of mastitis between animals kept under different hygiene of milking process. Bacteriologically staphylococcus, streptococcus, and E.coli were the predominant frequently isolates in this study ; 45.9% , 38.4% and 14.8% respectively. In Conclusion, good hygiene in  milking process, milking clinically infected animals at last , culling chronic mastitic carriers, treating clinically infected animals and dry cow period therapy could reduced the prevalence rate of mastitis .}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94471.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94471_63fab175fa98acb056f7a25301575675.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, A M and Mahmoud, Basma S and Elrafie, Amira S M}, title = {Molecular Studies on Clostridium Perfringens Resistant to Tetracycline Group}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {169-175}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94474}, abstract = {Clostridia are spore-forming bacteria causing health hazards for human beings and animals ranging from wound infection to necrotic enteritis. In the present work, 60 dropping samples were collected from diarrhoeic broilers of 7 different farms in Sharkia and Cairo Governorates for isolation and identification of C.perfringens by conventional methods. The results showed that incidence of C. perfringens was 41% (25/60), 23 out of them were proved to be C. perfringens type A, while only two isolates were type C. Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that 88% of C. perfringens isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin, 84% were sensitive to cefotaxime, cefuroxime, cefotraxion, piperacillin and bacitracin, 80% were sensitive to erythromycin, 76% were sensitive to fuscidic acid, 64% were sensitive to tetracycline, doxycycline and clindamycin, while 24% of the isolates were sensitive to lincomycin. Furthermore, MICs for tetracycline resistant isolates were ranged from 8-32 µg/ml. PCR was applied to detect α-toxin gene of C. perfringens and tetracycline resistant genes (tetB, tetM and tetK). All isolates gave positive amplification for alpha toxin gene, while tetB gene was detected in two out of 5 isolates , but tetK and tetM genes weren’t detected in any isolates.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94474.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94474_7e7352da307254cadf7d617487beb7ba.pdf} } @article { author = {Said, Enas N and Saleem, A Kh Y and Youssef, MYI and Khattab, NA and Mohammed, Hesham H}, title = {Effect Of Drying- Off Period And Teat Dipping On Productivity Of Dairy Cows}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {176-183}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94475}, abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate effect of period of drying off and teat dipping on dairy cow production. This study was carried out at Sami Asaad Dairy Farm at Abo-Hamad city in SharkiaProvince in the period from first of December, 2010 till end of November, 2011.               The data were obtained from farm book record and were collected from one hundred dairy cows (Holstein Friesian) to assess the effect of length of dry off period, age and lactation season on dairy cow production. The obtained results showed that the cows with a dry period of 45, 46 and 59 days, had the highest milk yield at 305-day. So, increasing the dry period lead to an increase in milk yield of subsequent lactation. Furthermore, the total milk production was increased gradually from 3 to 7 years, after that it decreased. Also to evaluate the effect of teat dipping on dairy cow’s milk production in the period from first of July till end of September, 2011; the data obtained from sixteen dairy cows (Holstein Frisian), divided into 2 groups, group A (n= 8) wherethe udder washed, dried with a clean toilet tissues and the teats dipped in 70% ethyl alcohol solution, while group B (n=8) without teat dipping. The results revealed that the teat dipping after milking decrease the incidence of mastitis and increase milk yield. In conclusion, length of dry off period, age, lactation season and teat dipping have significantly effect on milk yield in dairy cows.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94475.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94475_685e63b726390bb48966db1fa9c6a053.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, S M M and El-Kholy, M and El-Eraky, W A and Al- Gamal, M F}, title = {Effect Of Dried Neem Leaves (Azadirachta indica) On Broiler Performance, Carcass Traits And Economic Efficiency}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {184-192}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94478}, abstract = {The present work was carried out to study the effect of dried neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) on broiler performance, carcass traits and economic efficiency. A total of 72 one day old chicks of a commercial meat type (Hubbard) with an average body weight of 45 g were used. The birds were randomly allocated to equal 4 triplicate groups (each replicate contained six chicks).A basal control diet was formulated to fulfil the nutrients requirement of broilers. The first group of chicks were fed on basal diet and considered as control group while the other groups were fed on the basal diet supplemented by 2, 5 and 8g of dried neem leaves /kg diet. Results revealed that the use of dried neem leaves (2g /kg diet) had no effects on broiler chicken performance while dried neem leaves (5g, 8g /kg diet) had adverse effects on broiler chicken performance. All the treatment groups showed non significant (P>0.05) effect on internal organ weights, and carcass traits. Use of dried neem leaves (2g /kg diet) show better economic efficiency, net profit and performance index and lower feed cost/kg gain than other two levels of neem.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94478.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94478_ce491d2096d082a5c011c4975351f741.pdf} } @article { author = {Newishy, Adel M Abdel-Aziz}, title = {Genotyping Zoonotic Giardiasis In Kaloubia Province, Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {193-199}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94479}, abstract = {Out of 100 fecal samples from Cattle, 24%gave positive results to Giardiasis, and also out of 100 stool samples from man occupationally contacts with cattle in different age and seasons, 32% were positives. The percentage of human Giardiasis among man in different ages (infants, preschool children and adolescents) in Kaloubia Province revealed that 11% 10%, and 8%  respectively and lastly in adults 3% while the percentage of human Giardiasis among man in different seasons revealed that 12% , 10 and 8% during the summer season , autumn, and spring respectively and the lowest infectious rate was in winter 2% . In this assay by using heminested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for the detection and genotyping of Giardia lamblia on the basis of polymorphism in the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) gene. According the taxonomy of Giardia, genotype indicate that the assemblages A and B classified as zoonotic type and also represented result may give  us indication  to the possibility of zoonotic potential of  giardiasis.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94479.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94479_e0279215c19dc3884043eec706f856e4.pdf} } @article { author = {Shawky, ME and Mohamed, AA and Daoud, Hind and Farouk, Ekbal M}, title = {Comparative Studies Between Intramuscular And Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Sheep Using Different Doses Of Bivalent Oil Adjuvant Foot And Mouth Disease Vaccine}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {200-206}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94480}, abstract = {Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether subcutaneous (S/C) or intramuscular (I/M) is better in vaccination against foot-and mouth disease (FMD), in addition, to determination of the most protective dose concerning the economic point of view. Forty  animals were divided into ten groups ,each group eight of sheep were vaccinated with different doses of the bivalent oil FMD vaccine (with 1 ml, 0.5 ml, 0.25 ml and 0.125 ml doses) either S/C or I/M. The experiment included challenged non-vaccinated control group and non-challenged-non-vaccinated control groups. Four weeks post vaccination all animal groups were challenged by inoculation intradermolingual (IDL) with 10.000 ID50 (infective dose fifty) sheep adapted challenge FMD (O & A types) virus and subjected to clinical observation for 8 days. The results showed that the vaccinated animal with a full, ½, ¼ dose injected either S/C or I/M were able to withstand the virus infection while animals vaccinated with 1/8 dose didn’t}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94480.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94480_e287d3a42178a226f85a53ab22c99d55.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashim, I M and El-Hindy, Hatim and SZ, Moussa and Mansour, Somaya}, title = {Protective Impact Of Ginkgo Biloba Extract Against Thioacetamide Induced Hepatotoxicity In Albino Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {207-223}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2013.94481}, abstract = {The purpose of this study to investigate the protective and therapeutic effect of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract (GbE) against hepatotoxicity induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in male albino rats.                                                                                         Rats were injected intraperitonially by TAA in a dose of 200 mg/kg b.wt. twice every week for 28 days (TAA treated group). GbEwas orally administered in a dose 100mg/kg b.wt. for 7 days before the first dose of TAA treatment and during exposure period (Gb protected group) and also after the last dose of TAA treatment for 28 days (Gb treated group). The gained results revealed a significant increases in MDA and NO concentrations in blood and liver of TAA group with concomitant decrease in GSH, GSH-px, SOD and CAT activities. DNA fragmentation percentage, TNF-α concentration, hydroxyproline content and tissue transglutaminase activity were also increased. Serum transaminases, ALP and GGT activates as well as bilirubin content were increased. This study showed that Ginkgo biloba extract has a potential activity against thioacetamide. Induced hepatotoxicity and suggested that the chemical constituents of Ginkgo biloba are effective in modulation of oxidative stress induced by thioacetamide.  }, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94481.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_94481_646386f59dae11089d6f2088c545f9bf.pdf} }