2024-03-29T07:02:17Z
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=5158
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Preparation and evaluation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae recombinant vaccine
Sabry
Eissa
Mycoplasma gallisepticum has three virulent genes (mgc1, mgc2 and mgc3), also Mycoplasma synoviae has adhesion gene (vlhA). These genes are responsible for adhesion and colonization of the respiratory tract of the host. Therefore, this study was concerned with preparation of recombinant vaccine from field isolates and compared it with membrane and whole cells vaccines. The virulence genes were cloned into plasmid vectors followed by transformation into E. coli BL-21competent cells for the expression of adhesion proteins. A laboratory experiment was done to evaluate the prepared vaccines. For Mycoplasma gallisepticum recombinant vaccinated vaccinated groups. ELISA results for Mycoplasma recombinant vaccines revealed that there was significant difference between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated vaccinated groups at p < 0.05 for serum and Egg yolk. In the other hand results for ELISA of Mycoplasma synoviae had no significant difference between the means of GMTs of the vaccinated vaccinated groups but overall vaccinated vaccinated groups had a significant high antibody titers than the un-vaccinated vaccinated group at p < 0.05 in both serum and Egg yolk. Concerning polymerase chain reaction and culture, recombinant vaccinated vaccinated group were control from first week post-challenge and continued control till the end of experiment. While membrane and whole cell vaccinated vaccinated groups gave weak positive results with M. gallisepticum polymerase chain reaction and positive for culture (20- 60%).On the other hand, M. synoviae gave positive results (20%) by culture at one and three weeks post challenge and gave weak positive results polymerase chain reaction till the end of experiment. The results showed that the recombinant vaccine gave satisfactory results, than membrane and whole cell bacterins.
Keywords: Mycoplasma
cloning
expression
Recombinant vaccine
2019
03
01
1
10
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28806_8c232b86aa3b7ac8af2233cfe7cb9270.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Anticonvulsant and GABAnergic Activity of Nigella sativa oil in Mice
Sameh
El Nabtity
Ahmed
Abdel-Aziz
manar
Moselhi
Several experimental studies have described neuroprotective and antioxidant activity of plant extracts and its oil as Nigella sativa. The existing study was conducted to investigate the anticonvulsant activity of Nigella sativa oil. Fifty five male albino mice were used through three experiments; each experiment was taken 1 week. The experiments were pentylenetetrazole induced convulsion, maximal electric shock induced convulsion and neurotoxicity tests. Mice were treated with Nigella sativa oil 10 ml/kg; using sodium valproate (100 mg/kg) and phenytoin sodium (25 mg/kg) orally as standard drugs. In pentylenetetrazole induced convulsion, onset of seizure and generalized seizures were measured, beside the gamma aminobutyric acid and antioxidant enzymes levels assessments. In maximal electric shock, mice were observed for hind limb tonic convulsion. Nigella sativa oil significantly delayed seizure onset after pentylenetetrazole induced convulsion but had no effect on electric shock induced convulsion. Nigella sativa showed a good antioxidant activity and increased gamma amino butyric acid level in brain and had neuroprotective effects.
Nigella Sativa
pentylenetetrazole
maximal electric shock
antioxidant
GABA
2019
03
01
11
20
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28807_a58079c36985c52b4af74b61fd555b8d.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Effect of Antibiotics Growth Promoters Alternatives on Growth Performance, Hematobiochemical and Immunological Profile of Healthy Broiler Chickens
Asmaa
Abd El-Monsef
Sawsan
El-Sheikh
Naglaa
Eliewa
Mohamed
Khairy
Osama
Abdalla
A study was designed to explore the effect of Sanguinarine phytobiotic and Sodium butyrate on growth performance, the hematobiochemical and immunological profile of healthy Broiler Chickens. Ninety (90), one-day old healthy broiler chicks were used in this study and were divided into three equal groups (30 each). Group 1 healthy chicks was kept as control group, group 2 broilers received 2 ml/liter Sodium butyrate and group 3 broilers received 1 gm/10 liter phytobiotic (sangrovite). Administration of drugs in drinking water was continued for 5 successive days, from 19th to 24th day of age. On the first day post administration, two blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical and immunological analysis. The obtained results revealed that, Broiler chicks received Sodium butyrate and Sanguinarine phytobiotic showed a significant increase in body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed consumption (FC) and improvement in feed conversion rate (FCR), total erythrogram and leukogram, phagocytosis and phagocytic index, nitric oxide, HI titre against ND virus, total protein, albumin with non-significant increase in total globulin, a, b, g globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, liver enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (AST ALT and ALP), uric acid and creatinine levels. From the obtained results it could be concluded that, the use of Sodium butyrate and Sanguinarine phytobiotic induced improvement in growth performance, hematobiochemical and immunological profile in healthy broiler chickens and they could be safely used as alternatives to antibiotics growth promoters (AGPs) in the commercial broiler diet to lower the risk of antibiotics residues in the meat and to avoid the antibiotic resistance to the consumers.
Phytobiotic
Sodium butyrate
Sanguinarine
Broiler chickens
2019
03
01
21
31
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28808_3efdfa78d57892aad934f15528e5f86c.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
The role of infectious bronchitis virus in respiratory and renal problems in broiler chickens
Ali
Mahmoud
Abeer
Shahin
Amal
Eid
Broiler chickens in Egypt represent the main source of animal protein. Unfortunately, they usually are hit by many disease problems. Respiratory and renal affections are investigated in forty four broiler chicken flocks during 2014-2015 in three large Governorates; Sharkia, Dakahlia and Gharbia. The birds age ranged from 19-54days and suffured from general signs of illness, respiratory troubles with Whitish and greenish diarrhea. Mortality rates ranged from (0.5-30%). On necropsy, tracheitis, bronchitis and congestion of lungs were recorded in all flocks. Caseated plugs at tracheal bifurcation (29/44), fibrinous pericarditis, perihepatitis and air sacculitis(19/44) were also observed. Nepherosis-nephritis (22/44) and General congestion with hemorrhage on proventriculus (n=9) and cecal tonsil (n=4) were seen among affected birds. Chicken embryo inoculation with respiratory and renal tissue suspension revealed reduction in embryo size (n=9), death within 72hrs (n=24) while 5 flocks required successive blind passage to show reduction in embryo size up to 2cm compared to 5cm in negative control. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out on both original tissues and allantoic fluids using specific primers for S1 gene. Nine positive infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were detected in original samples compared with only 2 in allantoic fluids of the same samples. It could be concluded that IBV is responsible on 20% of respiratory and renal troubles in broilers under investigation. The direct RT-PCR could be reliable tool for appropriate IBV diagnosis in chickens.
IBV
respiratory
renal
RT-PCR
HA viruses
2019
03
01
32
44
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29002_02dabb5cbaef8b166ce6d9c3ddee103d.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Clinicopathological Studies on The Effect of Papaya on experimentally induced short term hyperglycemia in rats
Mohamed
Hashem
Shimaa
Ismail
basma
Al Lithey
The study is designed to evaluate the Carica papaya effect on diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. Ninety clinically healthy white male rats of two months old (100 g average body weight) were divided into equal six groups, each one has 15 rats, Gp. (I): without treatment as normal control, Gp. (II): DM was induced in overnight fasted rats by a single IP injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg B.W.) freshly dissolved in 0.1M citrate buffer (pH 4.5), Gp. (III): were received orally a daily dose of C. papaya leaves aqueous extract (0.11 g/ml) by stomach cannula for 30 days, Gp. (IV): were administrated orally a daily dose of C. papaya leaves aqueous extract as in gp. (III) for 40 days. After 10 days post C. papaya treatment the rats were injected by STZ as in gp. (II) then completed C. papaya administration, Gp. (V): DM induced as in gp. (II). Then rats were administrated C. papaya leaves aqueous extract (0.11 g/ml) daily by stomach cannula for 30 days, Gp. (VI): treated like Gp (V) but were administrated C. papaya leaves aqueous extract at a dose level 0.22 g/2ml daily by stomach cannula for 30 days. After 15 days and 30 days post-STZ injection, aqueous leaves extract of C. papaya improved health status of treated diabetic rats, as serum glucose, fractosamine, TC, TGs, LDL-c and MDA activity were decreased, while Insulin and HDL-c levels and CAT activity were increased when compared with untreated diabetic groups.
Key words: Clinical pathology
Diabetes mellitus
Carica papaya
2019
03
01
45
56
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29006_2d4f69e25ab1cbd5417383b8da98c009.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Micro RNA in Degenerative Disorders
Azza
El-Naggar
Khalifa
El-Dawy
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus considered as the most risk criteria in metabolic syndrome. Twenty four male albino rats, 3 months age weighting (120±15) gm at the beginning of the experiment, were purchased from animal house in our University. The rats were kept at a suitable conditions with a temperature of 23-25°C with 12 hours light-dark cycle and free availability of water and diet. The rats were kept for 2 weeks for accommodation, then randomly divided into 2 main groups the first one was a control group (8 rats) kept on a standard diet with free access to drinking water. The second group (16 rats) kept on high fat high fructose diet (HFHF), 8 rats kept for 7 weeks (considered as obese group G2) and the other 8 rats were kept for 12 week to be diabetic with type II according to (De Castro et al., 2013)and considered as diabetic group (G 3). Grossly, feeding HFHF diet resulted in marked increase in body weight in both obese and diabetic group, this increase was stopped between 7th and 8th week the body weight started to decrease. Laboratory, feeding HFHF diet resulted in decreasing the expression levels of insulin hormone gene which reflected on the increase in the expression levels of FGF-21, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α genes. This increase was more in the diabetic group in IL-1β, and the same in both groups in IL-6 and TNF-α but higher in obese group in FGF-21 gene. The expression levels of miRNA 146a, miRNA 126, FGF 21 and some cytokines may be a good early indicators for obesity and diabetes mellitus type II, having a major role in the mechanism of incidence and may have a great role in the treatment and follow-up the disease.
miRNA
HFHF
Type 2 Diabetes
Degenerative diseases
2019
03
01
57
67
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29009_edf496b67da7139eebdfdeefe6caf949.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Immunopharmacological Evaluation of Synbiotics and Enramycin in Broilers
Sawsan
ElSheikh
Abd- elalim
Abd-elalim
Mohamed
Moursi
Eman
Ali
Mohamed
Helal
The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of synbiotic and enramycin on the broiler immunity and growth performance. Ninety one-day old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three groups (n=30) with three replicates each. The first control group fed basal diet only, the second group received basal diet plus enramycin (0.5g/kg), and the third group fed basal diet fortified with synbiotic (0.5g/kg) up to 42 days. The results revealed significant (P<0.05) improvement of the growth performance parameters, phagocytic index, and phagocytic percentage in synbiotic fortified group in comparison with other groups. Supplemented diet with synbiotic resulted in up regulation of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in cecal tonsils and spleen when compared with the control and enramycin groups. However, there were no significant differences within the groups in antibody titers against Newcastle disease (ND), Avian Influenza (AI), and Infectious Bronchitis (IB) viruses at both 28 and 42 days. Moreover, the enramycin caused a significant (P<0.05) adverse effect on the liver healthiness as compared with other groups. In conclusion, the synbiotic can be considered as a potential feed additive alternative to antibiotic with desired effect as immunostimulants and growth promoter without adverse effect on the liver healthiness.
antibiotic growth promoters
Direct-fed microbiota
Enramycin
synbiotics
2019
03
01
68
77
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29010_fea66bba2f73c698a3e23956b09e5b7e.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Characterization of Circulating Exosomal MicroRNAs and Its Role as Biomarkers for Metabolic Syndrome
khalifa
El-Dawy
Haytham
Ali
Samar
Abdo
Exosomal microRNAs have been attracting major interest as potential diagnostic biomarkers for metabolic syndrome. The aim of our study was to characterize the serum exosomes, exosomal miRNA and their target genes to identify those that were altered in relation to different conditions of metabolic syndrome with different forms of treatment to evaluate their use as diagnostic and treatment biomarkers; Eighty male adult albino rats were used in this experiment, 10 served as control group and other 70 divided into 7 different groups, some served as metabolic syndrome models without treatments and others were served as metabolic syndromes models with different treatments. Our results explained that, the expression levels of miR-122, sterol response elementary binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) & fatty acid synthase-1 (FAS-1) were significantly higher in the hepatic tissue of metabolic syndrome model groups than that of control and significantly down-regulated after different treatments but still higher than that of control group while carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1(CPT-1) was significantly decreased in the same groups. Also the expression levels of miR-31 was significantly higher in Adipose tissue of metabolic syndrome model groups than that of control and significantly down-regulated after different treatments but still higher than that of control group while Leptin gene (Ob), Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, class 2, alpha polypeptide (PIK3C2A) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) were significantly decreased in the same groups. It was concluded that Exosomal miRNA signatures appear to mirror pathological changes of metabolic syndrome patients and several miRNAs are promising biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of the disease.
exosomes
microRNA
Metabolic syndrome
High fat diet
and Diabetes mellitus
2019
03
01
78
90
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29307_978c2ee6537f5a63241ac2e2ccc172a2.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Coexistence of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Diseased Rabbits
Naglaa
Awad
Marwa
Abd El-Hamid
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida)is considered a predominant pathogenic bacterial agent causing respiratory manifestations (snuffles) in rabbits with considerable economic losses and unfavorable prognosis in Egypt. A few recent P. multocida strains exhibit resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics in the veterinary field. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of both virulence and antibiotic resistance genes among P. multocida isolated from diseased rabbits in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Only 10 out of 100 tested rabbits` nasal swabs were finally confirmed positive for P. multocida of serogroup A by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the recovered isolates revealed that they were all multidrug resistant (MDR) with a predominance of resistance to amoxicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, neomycin and tetracycline (100% each), followed by kanamycin and streptomycin (90% each). All the recovered isolates were further subjected to PCR screening of some common virulence and antibiotic resistance genes of interest . With the exception of toxA gene, the other virulence associated genes (ptfA, Omp < /em>87 and nanB) were found among all the examined isolates. Totally, all MDR P. multocida isolates contained at least one antibiotic resistance gene with aphA1 being the most prevalent (100%), followed by ermX gene (40%). Antibiotic resistance genotyping demonstrated the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance genes among majority of the isolates (40%) with only one isolate harboring 4 genes encoding identical resistance phenotypes. Evidentially, all MDR P. multocida isolates possessed at least 3 virulence genes accompanied by the attendance of antibiotic resistance genes. These findings evidenced that rabbits are potential sources of pathogenic P. multocida strains harboring virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, it is evident that there is an urgent need for the judicious use of antibiotics in rabbits` treatment systems to successfully mitigate the propagation of drug resistance across P. multocida species.
P. multocida
Rabbits
MDR
Antibiotic resistance genes
Virulence factors
2019
03
01
91
102
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29312_cda607624917a23cc1651d0a7d9fd65b.pdf
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
1110-1458
1110-1458
2019
47
1
Sources and Toxicological impacts of Surface Water Pollution on Fish in Egypt
Amany
Mohammed
Magdy
Abo-El fotoh
Mayada
Farag
Yasmina
Abd El-Hakim
Walaa
Elhady
Egypt has been listed as one of the most popular countries that are menaced by lack of water by the year 2025 due to overpopulation. The great deposition of highly polluted domestic and industrial effluents into its water ways, made a continuous and prompt damage to its surface and groundwater. The River Nile represents about 97% of Egypt's water resources; however winter rain and nonrenewable groundwater aquifers are also comprised. In Egypt, the main source of pollution is industrial wastes that are poured directly into the main water sources or through the municipal system. On the other hand, the pollution of the Mediterranean coast of Alexandria is mainly due to the discharge of wastes of industrial plants into the sea via Lake Marriott. The rural populations have little or even no access to sewer systems or wastewater treatment facilities and they depend only on the on-site disposal of wastewater. In the Delta region, drainage water is reused for irrigation after mixing with Nile water, while in Upper Egypt drainage water is disposed into the river Nile. Fertilizers and pesticides have been used on a wide range after the constructions of High Dam which resulted in weed flourishing which blocks the waterways, and provides habitats for Bilharzia snails. Egyptian fish aquaria exposed to toxicity due to water pollution from chemical plants and sewage pipes. The main sources of heavy metal pollution of water are industrial and agricultural discharges. Other sources also include: coal and oil combustion, phosphate fertilizers, plastics and pesticides. Recently, the consumption of contaminated fish has been the possible cause of heavy metal poisoning in human. The aim of this review is to disclose the main sources of water pollution in Egypt, and to elucidate the side effects of this pollution on fish.
Water Pollution
Pesticides
Heavy metals
fish
Egyptian water resources
2019
03
01
103
119
https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29313_ce870693374ca32404f5893d9cb0073c.pdf