@article { author = {Gabr, Abd Elfadeel and Ebrahim, Salah and El-Hawary, Ashraf and Fathala, Mohamed and EL-Gohary, Emad and Ahmed, Saad ElDeen and Abdel-Latif, Magdy}, title = {Upgrading Milk Productivity of Primiparous Buffaloes Using Glycogenic Precursors; Implications on Milk Production and Blood Biochemical Parameters}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {92-103}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7882}, abstract = {This study was performed to explore the effect of drenching propylene glycol (PG) and calcium propionate (CP) as a source of energy to primiparous Egyptian buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis) on milk production and some blood biochemical parameters. Eighteen primiparous buffalo cows (8 weeks before calving) with an average live body weight (LBW) of 500±25kg and aged 35±5 months were used. Animals were classified to three comparable groups (6, each) based on (LBW), body condition scores and expected calving date. Animals in the 1stgroup served as a control (C), were drenched 3L of saline solution (NaCl 0.9%) without any additives, the animals in the 2nd group (PG) were drenched 300 mL of propylene glycol dissolved in 3L of a saline solution. In the 3rd group (CP), animals were drenched 335g of calcium propionate dissolved in 3L of a saline solution. Milk production and milk composition of primiparous buffalo cows were measured. Blood samples were collected from all buffalos for biochemical analysis. Results showed significant effects on average daily and total milk yield but no significant difference on milk composition. All blood biochemical parameters revealed no significant variation between treated and control groups except for plasma beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) and both T3 and T4 hormones concentrations. The overall mean of BHB in treated (PG) and (CP) was also lower (17.67 and 14.67 vs. 26) than control group. Overall mean of T3 concentration hormone was the lowest in control group represented 3.13 vs. 5.28 and 4.99 ng/ml) for (PG) and (CP) treated group. The highest overall mean of T4 concentration hormone was recorded in (CP) treated group represented 19.55 ng/ml. Concisely, the present results indicate that drenching (PG) and (CP) have a positive effect on the productive traits of primiparous Egyptian buffalo cows while, did not affect the blood biochemical parameters.}, keywords = {Egyptian Buffaloes,milk production,propylene glycol,calcium propionate,blood parameters}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7882.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7882_02e17926d1de401562e075bba86275ac.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel Aziz, Elsayed and El-Nabtity, Sameh and El Barawy, Abdel Azeem and Saleh, Mohammed}, title = {Residues of Ceftiofur Sodium in Rabbit Tissues}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {104-111}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7883}, abstract = {This study was designed to determine ceftiofur sodium residues of different rabbit tissues after intramuscular injection at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg BW. A total of twenty-four healthy male New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups; the first group (n = 21) was injected with ceftiofur for five successive days, while the second group (n = 3) untreated (control). Liver, kidney, pectoral and thigh muscles, spleen, heart, blood and lung from each rabbit were collected at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 15th and 21st day post ceftiofur sodium treatment. Tissues were extracted and ceftiofur residues were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ceftiofur remained within the detectable level till the 5th day in most of the investigated tissues (liver, kidney, lung, heart, pectoral and thigh muscles) and serum, but still detected till the 7th and 9th day post treatment in lung and kidney, respectively. It can be concluded that rabbit muscles and livers could be consumed safely at the 3rd day post treatment with that dose, while, rabbit kidneys could be consumed safely at the 1st day post treatment with that dose without any hazards on consumers because the residual level is below the recommended MRL.}, keywords = {ceftiofur,residues,Rabbits,HPLC}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7883.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7883_18ebc36b48962b5c9581a5851cad0ccb.pdf} } @article { author = {Zaglool, Nahed and Hassan, Shahenaz and El-shamy, Sanaa}, title = {Effect of Aqueous Extract of Punica granatum Peel on the Oxidative Damage Induced by Lead Intoxication in Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {112-124}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7884}, abstract = {The present investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of local pomegranate peel on the oxidative damage induced by lead intoxication in rats. Forty-eight female Albino rats were divided into four equal groups. Group (1) kept as a control group, while Group (2) was fed on 1000 ppm lead acetate in drinking water. Group (3) received 1000 ppm lead acetate in drinking water plus 1 mL of distilled water containing 43 mg/rat of pomegranate peel aqueous extract via gastric intubation and Group (4) received 1 mL of distilled water containing 43 mg/rat of Pomegranate peel aqueous extract via gastric intubation. All rats were treated with the respective regime daily for five weeks. Administrations of lead acetate for 5 weeks caused significant decrease of total proteins, globulins (α, β & γ), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine hormone (T4) with significant increase of the urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lead residue in liver and lipid peroxidase. Mild degenerative and necrobiotic changes in liver and kidney were detected histopathologically. Administration of pomegranate peel extract revealed minor ameliorative effect on serum proteins, aminotransferases and urea levels. Treating rats with both of lead acetate and Punica granatum peel aqueous extract for 5 weeks revealed focal hepatic necrosis, hypercellularity of renal glomeruli and degeneration in the epithelial cells lining of renal tubules. Administration of aqueous extract of Punica granatum peel for 5 weeks to healthy rats induced congestion of central vein of liver and degeneration in the epithelial cells lining of renal tubules. This study figure out that administration of Punica granatum peel aqueous extract had a mild deleterious effect on healthy rats with a slight improvement on the oxidative damage induced by lead intoxication in rats.}, keywords = {lead toxicity,Punica granatum,biochemical,histopathology}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7884.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7884_38d1c9eaddaba4bc87157509c0d86fdf.pdf} } @article { author = {Mansour, Ahmed and El-belbasi, Hussein and El-saadawy, Hamad and Yassin, Engy}, title = {Ameliorative Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {125-133}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7885}, abstract = {Both types of diabetes mellitus (DM) are recognized by the destruction of pancreas or deficient function of Islets’ cells causing several complications. Diabetes mainly affect the kidney leading to diabetic nephropathy (DN) in the late renal stage, which caused higher mortality in diabetic patients. Since diabetic disease appearance, nephropathy may be observed in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes. Recently, cell culture can be used in the regenerative medicine as a new method for treating diabetes and DN. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to prove the beneficial effect of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) transplantation on DN during the early stage. Male rats were randomized in 3 groups (each 20 rats): the 1st group was normal rats, while the 2nd was streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats and the 3rd was diabetic rats treated with a single intravenous dose of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) after 3 days from STZ induction. Results indicated that STZ induced DN represented by weight loss, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulineamia, decreased glycated hemoglobin, leukocytosis and impairment of kidney function and oxidative stress in kidney tissue. After BM-MSCs treatment, blood glucose level was improved, renal function was retained, body weight loss was decreased, insulin level and HBA1C percent were ameliorated with improved oxidative stress in kidney tissue. BM-MSCs have the capacity to regenerate and differentiate into insulin- producing cells improving DM and DN.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7885.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7885_dec18a69cf29e2e025ac754e8c11c82d.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, Adel and Fatah, Eman and El-mowalid, Gamal}, title = {Laboratory Detection and Neutralizing Activity of Exocellular AmpC β-lactamases by Anti bla-CMY}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {134-142}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7886}, abstract = {Detection of AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC-bls) is important for infection control purposes and therapeutic options. Here, we provided a diagnostic anti β-lactamase neutralization test (bla-NT); modified from broth microdilution (BM) for the detection of bls-AmpC, CMY, in multidrug resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Anti-bla neutralizing activity against these two bacteria was tested. Anti bla-CMY was prepared in rabbits and used in: bla-NT; investigating effect on bacterial colony forming unit (CFU); and in ELISA. In bla-NT, the anti-bla-CMY neutralized exocellular bls produced by the tested bacterial strains and resulted in an increase in the bacterial sensitivity to the tested antimicrobials and reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration.  Interestingly, the anti-bla-CMY decreased the CFU and its morphology when added to the tested bacteria. ELISA-OD was significantly correlated with the drop in minimum inhibitory concentration and CFU counts at P-value ≤ 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. It could be concluded that, bla-NT could detect bls-AmpC and run parallel to BM in microbiology laboratory. Investigations are running to develop the test for quantitative detection of bls-AmpC.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7886.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7886_9a09c3e55d93c3d5490da23d15f40972.pdf} } @article { author = {El Alem, Maha and Hamed, Thoria and Mohamed, Dalia}, title = {Pathological and Biochemical Studies on some Antimicrobials in Clarias garipeinus Fish Infected with Aeromonas hydrophila}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {143-155}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7887}, abstract = {The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of propolis and norfloxacin against Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile catfish (Clarias garipeinus). Fish were collected from a private fish farm in Sharkia Governorate and fed commercial fish diet. Fish were divided into six groups; Group 1: non-infected non-treated, Group 2: experimentally infected with A. hydrophila and non-treated, Group 3: normal fish administered propolis in feed by dose (10g/kg BW for 10 days), Group 4: infected fish treated with therapeutic dose of norfloxacin (10mg/kg BW for 10 days), Group 5: infected fish treated with propolis and Group 6: infected fish treated with therapeutic dose of norfloxacin and propolis (with the previous dose). The results indicated that propolis and norfloxacin were effective against A. hydrophila. The hematological parameters were improved in Groups 4, 5 and 6 when compared with Group 2. The second group showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferrase (ALT), urea, creatinine and malondialdhyde activity, while the mentioned parameters were improved decreased in Groups 5 and 6. Also, our results revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in immunological parameters in Groups 3, 5 and 6. Moreover, this study also reported the pathological lesions in gills, liver, kidneys, heart, spleen and intestine of fish infected with A. hydrophila which became milder in treated fish especially with propolis and antibiotic. The present results suggest that the administration of propolis and norfloxacin were effective against A. hydrophila without hazard effects on hematological and biochemical parameters.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7887.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7887_e3cbb0a10e6b4f0c99fca718435493ff.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Mandrawy, Shefaa and Farag, Gamelat}, title = {Molecular Characterization, Hematological and Biochemical Studies on Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O in Buffaloes and Cows in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {156-164}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7888}, abstract = {The present study aimed to evaluate the hematological and serum biochemical parameters in buffaloes and cows infected with foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus. Forty buffaloes and cows (6 months - 2 years old) were used. Twenty buffaloes and cows clinically healthy and were used as control, the other twenty buffaloes and cows showed characteristic clinical signs of FMD. Blood samples were collected and serum was separated from both groups to measure the hematological and biochemical parameters. Infected buffaloes and cows showed fever, anroxia, excessive foamy salivation and ulcer formation in the mouth. Compared to the control buffaloes, erythrocytic count (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) in the FMD infected buffaloes were significantly decreased, while mean corpascular hemoglobin (MCH) was significantly increased. In addition, significant increase in toltal leukocyte count (TLC), neutrophils, with a significant decrease in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts were observed.Moreover, cows infected with FMD virus showed no significant changes in the erythrogram, while, significant increases in TLC and neutrophils, with a significant decrease in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts were observed when compared with the control group. There were significant decreases in the levels of serum total proteins, albumin and globulin, while serum asprtate transferase (AST), creatinine phospho-kinase (CPK), glucose and cortisol levels were significantly increased in the infected animals. Tissue and saliva specimens were collected and analyzed by using universal primer using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All the identified viruses were of serotype ‘O’. It is concluded that FMDV serotype ‘O’ is circulating among cows and buffaloes in the study area.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7888.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7888_e89890e7f3eb19d50272cd540981e738.pdf} } @article { author = {Orabi, Ahmed and Mansour, Shimaa and Megahed, Ayman and Saleh, Ayman}, title = {Epidemiological Insights of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Infection among Cattle and Buffaloes in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {165-176}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7889}, abstract = {Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Egypt and in most parts of Africa causing huge economic losses. Control of FMD using vaccination requires information on the occurrence of various FMDV serotypes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FMDV serotypes in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. A total number of 643 different samples, within ten different localities, were collected from both cattle and buffaloes (n = 283) of different, age, sex, immune status against FMD, and health status. Field samples (n = 360) have been screened for FMDV by RT-PCR using universal primers and were further subtyped using serotype-specific primers. Additionally, serum samples (n = 283) have been analyzed by applying FMDV serotype-specific antibody ELISA. The RT-PCR screening revealed that a total number of 39/283 (13.8%), 61/283 (21.6%) and 17/38 (44.7%) animals were positive for FMDV serotype O, A and SAT2, respectively. While, by ELISA, neutralizing antibodies directed against FMDV serotype O, A, and SAT2, were found in 177/283 (62.5%), 171/283 (60.4%) and 27/38 (71.1%) serum samples, respectively. These results indicated the endemic status of the FMDV serotypes O, A and SAT2 in Sharkia Governorate despite routine FMD vaccination programs. Although many variations of disease prevalence were recorded between animals of different, age, sex and immune and health status but it was obvious that FMD was more prominent and prevalent in buffaloes (47.1%) than in cattle (34.1%). Therefore, control efforts should focus on reducing the circulation of FMDV among susceptible livestock with special attention towards water buffaloes. Continuous surveillance, at molecular and immunological levels, of FMDV serotypes is needed for the effectiveness of any adopted control strategy targeting FMD including vaccination.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7889.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7889_f9034750393a1a4a805f94668b1d708d.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Ahmed and Genedy, Tamer and Ahmed, Hassan}, title = {Methodology of Using eCG or FSH Regimens for Multiple Ovulations and Embryo Recovery by Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Sheep}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {177-187}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7890}, abstract = {This study aimed to profit the assisted reproductive technologies in sheep presented two techniques for multiple ovulations and embryo recovery. Multiparous ewes of Egyptian Barki (N=15) and Australian Dorper (N=20) were used in the first and second techniques, respectively. Technique I was performed in Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat city, Menufia province, Egypt during the period from August to February, while technique II in Werribee, Victoria, Melbourne City Australia during the period from March to April. The technique I (20-21 days) based on using intravaginal progesterone (P4)-sponges for fourteen days, equine chorionic gonadotropin and flushing of embryos under local anesthesia 5 days after mating. However, the technique II (18 days) based on using intravaginal P4-controlled internal drug release silicon devices for twelve days with six injections of the follicle-stimulating hormone (Folltropin; FSH), eCG and surgical flushing of embryos under general anesthesia four days after laparoscopic intrauterine insemination. The recovery rate of the harvested morulae and blastocysts in relation to the developed corpora lutea were 38.2 and 24.4 % in the technique I, respectively, while they were 40.8 and 25.8 % in the technique II, respectively. Moreover, the percent of unfertilized oocytes and lost recovered structures, those of early embryonic death absorbed or lost during flushing in the technique I were 18.2 and 31.6 %, respectively, while they were 7.3 and 13.7 % in the technique II, respectively. In conclusion, the two presented techniques showed variable results of recovered embryos, but the harvested embryos produced by ewes younger than 6 years old were higher than 38 %.}, keywords = {Barki,embryo,MOET,Dorper,sheep,superovulation}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7890.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7890_df377fa1a92d9bc23ad672ea3427fa43.pdf} } @article { author = {Tahoun, Asmaa and Ahmed, Mona and Abou Elez, Rasha and AbdEllatif, Samah}, title = {Aflatoxin M1 in Milk and some Dairy Products: Level, Effect of Manufature and Public Health Concerns}, journal = {Zagazig Veterinary Journal}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {188-196}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine}, issn = {1110-1458}, eissn = {2357-075X}, doi = {10.21608/zvjz.2017.7891}, abstract = {Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic and carcinogenic metabolites produced by a variety of fungi. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the major carcinogenic type frequently found in milk and dairy products, thus posing a significant impact on human health. The current study was undertaken to examine milk and some dairy products for contamination with AFM1 in local markets, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, as well as the effect of manufacture. A total of 75 samples (15, each) of raw milk, pasteurized milk, yoghurt, processed cheese and Domiati cheese were randomly collected. AFM1 was detected in 27 (36%) out of the examined samples in which the level of AFM1 exceeded the limits (0 ng/L, kg) allowed by Egyptian regulation but only 6 (8%) samples exceeded the limits (50 ng/L, kg) allowed by European Commission regulation. Levels of AFM1 contamination in the examined milk and dairy products with mean values of 35.68 ± 10.90, 45.83 ± 7.80, 7.57 ± 1.92, 24.53 ± 3.91 and 42 ± 4.93 ng/L, kg in raw milk, pasteurized milk, yoghurt, processed cheese and Domiati cheese, respectively, were detected. The level of AFM1 decreased after yoghurt manufactur, while, cheese manufacture showed concentration of AFM1 in curd than those in cheese milk. During refrigeration storage of yoghurt, the mean AFM1 toxin decreased after one, two, three, seven days, respectively, then nearly similar level from seven days to fourteen days of storage. In conclusion, widespread presence of AFM1 in raw milk and some dairy products were considered to be possible hazards for public health especially children therefore, continuous monitoring of AFM1 level in commonly marketed raw milk and dairy products in Sharkia markets should be regularly done. Manufacture and storage had little effect on AFM1 content in milk and dairy products, therefore, new or modern technologies for detoxification of milk should be further studied}, keywords = {}, url = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7891.html}, eprint = {https://zvjz.journals.ekb.eg/article_7891_e3c60325ad5ca094bfdd699c6420d7db.pdf} }